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Various post-Renaissance authors have compiled expanded lists of "simple machines", often using terms like basic machines, [9] compound machines, [6] or machine elements to distinguish them from the classical simple machines above. By the late 1800s, Franz Reuleaux [11] had identified hundreds of machine elements, calling them simple machines. [12]
A lever is a simple machine consisting of a beam or rigid rod pivoted at a fixed hinge, or fulcrum. A lever is a rigid body capable of rotating on a point on itself. On the basis of the locations of fulcrum, load, and effort, the lever is divided into three types. It is one of the six simple machines identified by
The wheel and axle is a simple machine, consisting of a wheel attached to a smaller axle so that these two parts rotate together, in which a force is transferred from one to the other. The wheel and axle can be viewed as a version of the Lever , with a drive force applied tangentially to the perimeter of the wheel, and a load force applied to ...
The hand axe is the first example of a wedge, the oldest of the six classic simple machines, from which most machines are based. The second oldest simple machine was the inclined plane (ramp), [6] which has been used since prehistoric times to move heavy objects. [7] [8] The other four simple machines were invented in the ancient Near East. [9]
A machine screw is a small fastener (less than 1 ⁄ 4 inch (6.35 mm) in diameter) similar to a bolt but with a socket in its head, which allows it to be turned with a screwdriver. Machine screws are threaded the entire length of its shank that usually has a recessed drive type (slotted, Phillips, etc.), intended to screw into a pre-formed ...
The ancient Greeks constructed a paved ramp 6 km (3.7 miles) long, the Diolkos, to drag ships overland across the Isthmus of Corinth. [4] However the inclined plane was the last of the six classic simple machines to be recognised as a machine.
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6.1 Machine operations. 6.2 Mechanical components. ... Simple machine – There are only 3 fundamental machines, with 4 variations, for a total of 7 simple machines