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Historically, ancient civilizations would produce IMF using methods such as sun drying, roasting over fire and adding salt to preserve food for winter months or when preparing for travel. [2] Currently, this form of processing is achieved by using one of four methods: partial drying, osmotic drying using a humectant, dry infusion and by ...
Food drying is a method of food preservation in which food is dried (dehydrated or desiccated). Drying inhibits the growth of bacteria , yeasts , and mold through the removal of water . Dehydration has been used widely for this purpose since ancient times; the earliest known practice is 12,000 B.C. by inhabitants of the modern Asian and Middle ...
Different food preservation methods have different impacts on the quality of the food and food systems. Some traditional methods of preserving food have been shown to have a lower energy input and carbon footprint compared to modern methods. [3] [2] Some methods of food preservation are also known to create carcinogens.
For example, if the feed is a saturated liquid, q = 1 and the slope of the q-line is infinite (drawn as a vertical line). As another example, if the feed is saturated vapor, q = 0 and the slope of the q-line is 0 (a horizontal line). [2] The typical McCabe–Thiele diagram in Figure 1 uses a q-line representing a partially vaporized feed.
Additionally, the hurdle effect of food preservation, such as by adding lactic acid bacteria and salt to a food product, is illustrated and described. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ] This figure illustrates the pathway of food preservation followed by lactic acid bacteria involving nisin , as well as the pathway of food preservation followed by salt.
Drying or dehydration was the earliest form of food preservation: figs, dates or grapes which fell from the plant and were sun-dried may have been consumed by early hunter-gatherers as edible and more long-lasting and sweeter. [4] [5] [6]
To use potentiometric (e.m.f.) measurements in monitoring the + concentration in place of readings, one can trivially set [+] = and apply the same equations as above, where is the offset correction /, and is a slope correction / (1/59.2 pH units/mV at 25°C), such that replaces .
Researchers have found that microwave finish drying speeds up the otherwise very low drying rate at the end of the classical drying methods. Vacuum microwave drying is used for the US Army's experimental Close Combat Assault Ration. [3] Freeze drying or lyophilization is a drying method where the solvent is frozen prior to drying and is then ...