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The kesa is worn over a Chinese-style long robe, called jikitotsu (直裰) which was also developed in China, [14] [15] and had a belt or sash tied at the waist. [13] Zen Buddhist monks wear a form of formal dress which is composed of two kimono, covered by the jikitotsu; and the kesa is finally worn on top of the jikitotsu. [15]
The most recent case brought to the Supreme Court of Thailand is that of Phothirak, a former monk who has been ejected from the Thai sangha after being convicted of breaching the Vinaya repeatedly. Phothirak then created his own sect, Santi Asoke , and ordained about 80 bhikkhunis in 1998, leading to his imprisonment for 66 months on several ...
Thot Kathin takes its name from the "laying down" of new robes to the monks. The offering of new, saffron robes to the monks is particularly meritorious and important. Other gifts to the monks may include basic utensils, toiletries, writing materials, and food. Gift-giving is an act of appreciation and gratitude to the monks.
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There is also a Buddhist environmental movement, which arose as a response to deforestation. One of their main forms of protecting their environment has been to "ordain" trees by wrapping a monk's robe around the tree. [109] The 21st century saw the rise of a few ultra-nationalist anti-Muslim Buddhist monks.
Thai Buddhism has been adapted to refer to extended periods of wandering in the countryside, where monks will take one or more of these ascetic practices. During these periods, monks will live off of whatever is given to them by laypersons they encounter during the trip and sleep wherever they can.
He is known as Phra Khuva Boonchum or Khruba Bonchum (ครูบาบุญชุ่ม) by Thai followers, and as the Mong Pong Sayadaw (မိုင်းဖုန်းဆရာတော်) by his Burmese followers. [2]
As such, most monks in Thailand belong to the Maha Nikāya more or less by default; the order itself did not originally establish any particular practices or views that characterized those adhering to its creed. There were in reality hundreds of different Nikayas throughout the Thai areas that were lumped together as the "Maha Nikāya".