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Accordingly, Jewish identity can be ethnic or cultural in nature. Jewish identity can involve ties to the Jewish community. Orthodox Judaism bases Jewishness on matrilineal descent. According to Jewish law , all those born of a Jewish mother are considered Jewish, regardless of personal beliefs or level of observance of Jewish law.
The word has become more often used in a neutral fashion, as it underwent a process known as reappropriation. [9] [10] Even today some people are wary of its use, and prefer to use "Jewish". [11] [12] Indeed, when used as an adjective (e.g. "Jew lawyer") or verb (e.g. "to Jew-down someone" [13]), the term Jew is purely pejorative.
Jewish people in Jerusalem, Israel. Israel, the Jewish nation-state, is the only country in which Jews make up a majority of the citizens. [261] Israel was established as an independent democratic and Jewish state on 14 May 1948. [262]
The three largest Jewish denominations—Orthodox Judaism, Conservative Judaism and Reform Judaism—maintain the belief that the Jews have been chosen by God for a purpose. Sometimes this choice is seen by believers as charging the Jewish people with a specific mission—to be a light unto the nations , and to exemplify the covenant with God ...
In 2014, Daniel R. Schwartz distinguishes "Judean" and "Jew", where the former means "Of or pertaining to Judea or southern Palestine", while the latter refers "A person belonging to the worldwide group constituting a continuation through descent or conversion of the ancient Jewish people and characterized by a sense of community". [19]
In 1879, the German journalist Wilhelm Marr began the politicisation of the term by speaking of a struggle between Jews and Germans in a pamphlet called Der Weg zum Siege des Germanenthums über das Judenthum ("The Way to Victory of Germanism over Judaism"). He accused the Jews of being liberals, a people without roots who had Judaized Germans ...
“There’s no good excuse for such an (organization) to casually feature Jew-hatred in its search results.” Google results showed ‘troubling’ definition of Jew. Now faith leaders demand ...
The biblical rule against certain people becoming part of the "congregation of the Lord" [21] was interpreted in the Talmud as a prohibition against ordinary Jews marrying such people. Although the biblical passage includes in this up to the tenth generation of the descendants of a mamzer, classical rabbis interpreted this as an idiom meaning ...