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A hip fracture is a break that occurs in the upper part of the femur (thigh bone), at the femoral neck or (rarely) the femoral head. [2] Symptoms may include pain around the hip, particularly with movement, and shortening of the leg. [2] Usually the person cannot walk. [3] A hip fracture is usually a femoral neck fracture.
Hip fractures are responsible for the most serious consequences of osteoporosis. In the United States, more than 250,000 hip fractures annually are attributable to osteoporosis. [192] A 50-year-old white woman is estimated to have a 17.5% lifetime risk of fracture of the proximal femur. The incidence of hip fractures increases each decade from ...
A femoral fracture is a bone fracture that involves the femur. They are typically sustained in high-impact trauma, such as car crashes , due to the large amount of force needed to break the bone. Fractures of the diaphysis , or middle of the femur, are managed differently from those at the head, neck, and trochanter ; those are conventionally ...
Still, elderly people make up the fastest growing population in the world. As bone mass declines with age, the risk of fractures increases. Annual incidence of osteoporotic fractures is more than 1.5 million in the US and notably 20% of people die during the first year after a hip fracture. [5]
Complications of fractures may be classified into three broad groups, depending upon their time of occurrence. These are as follows – Immediate complications – occurs at the time of the fracture. Early complications – occurring in the initial few days after the fracture. Late complications – occurring a long time after the fracture.
Complications may include internal bleeding, injury to the bladder, or vaginal trauma. [2] [3] Common causes include falls, motor vehicle collisions, a vehicle hitting a pedestrian, or a direct crush injury. [2] In younger people significant trauma is typically required while in older people less significant trauma can result in a fracture. [1]
Fractures and dislocations. 5% of fallers end up having a fracture as a result of their fall, and 1% fracture their neck of femur [citation needed]. Disuse atrophy and muscle wasting from reduced physical activity during recovery periods; Due to bed rest Pneumonia; Pressure sores; Dehydration; Hypothermia; A fear of falling [13]
Bone malrotation refers to the situation that results when a bone heals out of rotational alignment from another bone, or part of bone. It often occurs as the result of a surgical complication after a fracture where intramedullary nailing (IMN) occurs, [1] especially in the femur and tibial bones, but can also occur genetically at birth.