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Oswald Boelcke PlM (German:; 19 May 1891 – 28 October 1916) was a World War I German professional soldier and pioneering flying ace credited with 40 aerial victories. . Boelcke is honored as the father of the German fighter air force, and of air combat as a
The Dicta Boelcke is a list of fundamental aerial maneuvers of aerial combat formulated by First World War German flying ace Oswald Boelcke. Equipped with one of the first fighter aircraft, Boelcke became Germany's foremost flying ace during 1915 and 1916.
Jasta 2 (Jagdstaffel Zwei in full and also known as Jasta Boelcke) was one of the best-known German Luftstreitkräfte squadrons in World War I.Its first commanding officer was the great aerial tactician Oswald Boelcke, and it was the incubator of several notable aviation careers.
Oswald Boelcke † German Empire: Luftstreitkräfte: 40 [5] PLM, IC Franz Büchner German Empire: Luftstreitkräfte: 40 [5] PLM, MOSH, HOH, IC Philip F. Fullard United Kingdom: Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force: 40 [7] DSO, MC*, AFC Lothar von Richthofen German Empire: Luftstreitkräfte: 40 [5] PLM, HOH, IC Roderic Dallas † Australia
Boelcke was killed in an aerial collision on 28 October but his tactics, especially formation flying and a combination of aggression and prudence known as the Dicta Boelcke, remained the core of Jagdstaffel practice in the Luftstreitkräfte fighter arm for the rest of the war.
Famous pilots included Hauptmann Oswald Boelcke (Jasta 2's first commander) and Manfred von Richthofen. With its high speed and heavy armament, the D.II won back air superiority from Allied fighter types such as the Airco DH.2 and Nieuport 17. Albatros built 200 D.II aircraft. LVG (Luft-Verkehrs-Gesellschaft) produced another 75 under license.
On 17 September, Boelcke, led a Jasta 2 formation of six fighters, against eight BE 2c of 12 Squadron and six FE 2b escorts of 11 Squadron, on a raid to Marcoing station. Jasta 2 and seven other German fighters shot down four of the FEs and two BEs before fighters of 60 Squadron arrived and protected the survivors.
Boelcke was killed on 28 October, when he collided with a German aircraft during an attack on two British fighters, which returned safely. [ 79 ] For the rest of the battle of the Somme, both sides flew in rain, mist, sleet and westerly gales, often at dangerously low heights, to direct artillery and attack troops with guns and bombs. 3 ...