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  2. Modular arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_arithmetic

    Adding 4 hours to 9 o'clock gives 1 o'clock, since 13 is congruent to 1 modulo 12. In mathematics, modular arithmetic is a system of arithmetic for integers, where numbers "wrap around" when reaching a certain value, called the modulus. The modern approach to modular arithmetic was developed by Carl Friedrich Gauss in his book Disquisitiones ...

  3. Modular multiplicative inverse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_multiplicative_inverse

    Modular multiplicative inverse. In mathematics, particularly in the area of arithmetic, a modular multiplicative inverse of an integer a is an integer x such that the product ax is congruent to 1 with respect to the modulus m. [1] In the standard notation of modular arithmetic this congruence is written as. ≡,

  4. Luhn algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm

    Luhn algorithm. The Luhn algorithm or Luhn formula, also known as the " modulus 10" or "mod 10" algorithm, named after its creator, IBM scientist Hans Peter Luhn, is a simple check digit formula used to validate a variety of identification numbers. It is described in U.S. Patent No. 2,950,048, granted on August 23, 1960.

  5. Collatz conjecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture

    As an illustration of this, the parity cycle (1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0) and its sub-cycle (1 1 0 0) are associated to the same fraction ⁠ 5 / 7 ⁠ when reduced to lowest terms. In this context, assuming the validity of the Collatz conjecture implies that (1 0) and (0 1) are the only parity cycles generated by positive whole numbers (1 and 2 ...

  6. Modulo - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulo

    For other uses, see Modulo (disambiguation). In computing, the modulo operation returns the remainder or signed remainder of a division, after one number is divided by another (called the modulus of the operation). Given two positive numbers a and n, a modulo n (often abbreviated as a mod n) is the remainder of the Euclidean division of a by n ...

  7. Template:Modulo/doc - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Modulo/doc

    Template:Modulo/doc. Template. : Modulo/doc. This is a documentation subpage for Template:Modulo. It may contain usage information, categories and other content that is not part of the original template page. This template is used on many pages and changes may be widely noticed. Test changes in the template's /sandbox or /testcases subpages, or ...

  8. Field of fractions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_of_fractions

    e. In abstract algebra, the field of fractions of an integral domain is the smallest field in which it can be embedded. The construction of the field of fractions is modeled on the relationship between the integral domain of integers and the field of rational numbers. Intuitively, it consists of ratios between integral domain elements.

  9. NYT ‘Connections’ Hints and Answers Today, Friday, June 14

    www.aol.com/nyt-connections-hints-answers-today...

    Hints About Today's NYT Connections Categories on Friday, June 14. 1. Something you might type up. 2. They're all the same color. 3. Related to a certain alphabet. 4. They're all associated with ...