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The McKenzie method is a technique primarily used in physical therapy.It was developed in the late 1950s by New Zealand physiotherapist Robin McKenzie. [1] [2] [3] In 1981 he launched the concept which he called "Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT)" – a system encompassing assessment, diagnosis and treatment for the spine and extremities.
These exercises are associated with better patient satisfaction, although they have not been shown to provide functional improvement. [11] However, one review found that exercise is effective for chronic back pain but not for acute pain. [53] Exercise should be performed under the supervision of a healthcare professional. [53]
Moderate-to-severe cases can cause radicular pain in the legs caused by nerve root compression. [5] The symptoms are usually exacerbated by upright posture and often, but not always, relieved by lying down. Postural headaches can be related to spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leaks. [6] However, in many patients, dural ectasia is ...
The McKenzie protocol also now includes flexion protocols and stresses the importance of differentiating whether flexion or extension improves patient's symptoms. As a result, McKenzie principles are used by many physical therapists in the treatment of low back pain, whereas Williams Exercises are no longer taught as a physical therapy protocol.
For the treatment of lower back pain, low-quality evidence suggests that while Pilates is better than doing nothing, it is no more effective than other forms of physical exercise. [21] [6] There is some evidence that regular sessions can help condition the abdominal muscles of healthy people, when compared to doing no exercise. [8]
These exercises only work if they are limiting low back pain. [59] Exercise programs that incorporate stretching only are not recommended for acute low back pain. Stretching, especially with limited range of motion, can impede future progression of treatment like limiting strength and limiting exercises. [59]
Intravenously administered penicillin is the treatment of choice. Associated pain can be treated with opiates, valproate, or carbamazepine. Those with tabes dorsalis may also require physical therapy and occupational therapy to deal with muscle wasting and weakness. Preventive treatment for those who come into sexual contact with an individual ...
Massage therapy using trigger-point release techniques may be effective in short-term pain relief. [10] Physical therapy involving gentle stretching and exercise may be useful for recovering full range of motion and motor coordination. Once the trigger points are gone, muscle strengthening exercise can begin, supporting long-term health of the ...