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Plasma cleaning is the removal of impurities and contaminants from surfaces through the use of an energetic plasma or dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma created from gaseous species. Gases such as argon and oxygen , as well as mixtures such as air and hydrogen/nitrogen are used.
Pickling is a metal surface treatment used to remove impurities, such as stains, inorganic contaminants, and rust or scale from ferrous metals, copper, precious metals and aluminium alloys. [1] A solution called pickle liquor , which usually contains acid , is used to remove the surface impurities.
Cleaning agents or hard-surface cleaners are substances (usually liquids, powders, sprays, or granules) used to remove dirt, including dust, stains, foul odors, and clutter on surfaces. [1] Purposes of cleaning agents include health , beauty, removing offensive odors, and avoiding the spread of dirt and contaminants to oneself and others.
Fluxes are also used in foundries for removing impurities from molten nonferrous metals such as aluminium, or for adding desirable trace elements such as titanium. As reducing agents, fluxes facilitate soldering, brazing, and welding by removing oxidation from the metals to be joined. In some applications molten flux also serves as a heat ...
Drain cleaners usually contain a strong base such as sodium hydroxide that decomposes hair and converts fats into water-soluble products. The reaction is exothermic, releasing heat to soften the fats. Drain cleaners can also contain aluminum, which reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce bubbles of hydrogen gas that help to break up the clog. [11]
The oxidation process is slower than the dehydration process, taking place over a period of minutes. [citation needed] The oxidation of carbon exhibits itself as a gradual clearing of suspended soot and carbon char left by the initial dehydration process. With time, piranha solutions in which organic materials have been immersed typically ...
Aluminium oxide (or aluminium(III) oxide) is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula Al 2 O 3.It is the most commonly occurring of several aluminium oxides, and specifically identified as aluminium oxide.
In the aluminum industry, the process is also called chemical film [13] or yellow iridite, [13] Commercial trademarked names include Iridite [13] and Bonderite [14] (formerly known as Alodine, or Alocrom in the UK). [15] The main standards for chromate conversion coating of aluminium are MIL-DTL-5541 in the US, and Def Stan 03/18 in the UK.