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Respiratory sounds, also known as lung sounds or breath sounds, are the specific sounds generated by the movement of air through the respiratory system. [1] These may be easily audible or identified through auscultation of the respiratory system through the lung fields with a stethoscope as well as from the spectral characteristics of lung sounds. [2]
The length of the vocal cords affects the pitch of voice, similar to a violin string. Open when breathing and vibrating for speech or singing, the folds are controlled via the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve. They are composed of twin infoldings of mucous membrane stretched horizontally, from back to front, across the larynx.
For example, the phrase Another orange would usually be pronounced with a low pitch on the first syllable. However, it can sometimes be pronounced with a high pitch on the vowel A-. Pierrehumbert marks this high pitch also with H%. [7] (A low boundary tone at the beginning of an utterance is usually not marked by Pierrehumbert.)
In order to maintain a standard for Cell and molecular biology articles a standard color scheme should be used. The accepted colors for cellular locations are described in the table. Colors for other components, such as molecules, can be chosen at the discretion of the designer, however, the following should be considered:
Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that studies how humans produce and perceive sounds or, in the case of sign languages, the equivalent aspects of sign. [1] Linguists who specialize in studying the physical properties of speech are phoneticians.
Pitch can indicate attitude: for example, Great uttered in isolation can indicate weak emotion (with pitch starting medium and dropping to low), enthusiasm (with pitch starting very high and ending low), or sarcasm (with pitch starting and remaining low). Declarative sentences show a 2–3–1 pitch pattern. If the last syllable is prominent ...
As a conceptual example of an ascending Shepard scale, the first tone could be an almost inaudible C 4 and a loud C 5 (an octave higher). The next would be a slightly louder C ♯ 4 and a slightly quieter C ♯ 5 ; the next would be a still louder D 4 and a still quieter D 5 .
The basilar membrane is a pseudo-resonant structure [1] that, like the strings on an instrument, varies in width and stiffness. But unlike the parallel strings of a guitar, the basilar membrane is not a discrete set of resonant structures, but a single structure with varying width, stiffness, mass, damping, and duct dimensions along its length.