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  2. Van den Bergh reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_den_Bergh_reaction

    It happens if conjugated bilirubin is present. In an indirect positive test, the patient's serum is first treated with alcohol and later mixed with diazo reagent. This causes development of a red colour. It is seen if unconjugated bilirubin is present. If both conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin are present the reaction is termed a biphasic ...

  3. Dubin–Johnson syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubin–Johnson_syndrome

    The conjugated hyperbilirubinemia is a result of defective endogenous and exogenous transfer of anionic conjugates from hepatocytes into bile. [5] Impaired biliary excretion of bilirubin glucuronides is due to a mutation in the canalicular multiple drug-resistance protein 2 (MRP2). A darkly pigmented liver is due to polymerized epinephrine ...

  4. Common bile duct stone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_bile_duct_stone

    The diagnosis of choledocholithiasis is suggested when the liver function blood test shows an elevation in bilirubin and serum transaminases. Other indicators include raised indicators of ampulla of vater (pancreatic duct obstruction) such as lipases and amylases.

  5. Hyperbilirubinemia in adults - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperbilirubinemia_in_adults

    The former, referring to elevated unconjugated bilirubin, is often caused by haemolytic diseases resulting in increased bilirubin production and impaired bilirubin conjugation. The latter is often attributed to direct hepatocyte injury that impedes conjugated bilirubin secretion. [6]

  6. Enterohepatic circulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterohepatic_circulation

    Bilirubin is conjugated with glucuronic acid in the liver by the enzyme glucuronyltransferase, making it soluble in water. Much of it goes into the bile and thus out into the small intestine. Although 20% of the secreted bilirubinoid bile is reabsorbed by the small intestine, [2] conjugated

  7. Bilirubin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilirubin

    Bilirubin (BR) (from the Latin for "red bile") is a red-orange compound that occurs in the normal catabolic pathway that breaks down heme in vertebrates.This catabolism is a necessary process in the body's clearance of waste products that arise from the destruction of aged or abnormal red blood cells. [3]

  8. Liver function tests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_function_tests

    When total bilirubin levels exceed 40 μmol/L, bilirubin deposition at the sclera, skin, and mucous membranes will give these areas a yellow colour, thus it is called jaundice. [6] The increase in predominantly unconjugated bilirubin is due to overproduction, reduced hepatic uptake of the unconjugated bilirubin and reduced conjugation of bilirubin.

  9. Rotor syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotor_syndrome

    Rotor syndrome (also known as Rotor type hyperbilirubinemia) [2] is a rare cause of mixed direct (conjugated) and indirect (unconjugated) hyperbilirubinemia, relatively benign, autosomal recessive [3] bilirubin disorder characterized by non-hemolytic jaundice due to the chronic elevation of predominantly conjugated bilirubin.