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This circuit is called a leading-edge dimmer or forward phase dimming. Waveform of the output voltage of a thyristor dimmer set for 60 volts RMS output, with 120 V input. The red trace shows the output device switching on about 5.5 ms after the input (blue) voltage crosses zero.
In electrical engineering, a vacuum interrupter is a switch which uses electrical contacts in a vacuum. It is the core component of medium-voltage circuit-breakers, generator circuit-breakers, and high-voltage circuit-breakers. Separation of the electrical contacts results in a metal vapour arc, which is quickly extinguished.
The switch is controlled by a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal, which alternately turns the switch on and off at a rapid rate. The relative proportion of off time vs. on time determines brightness. For example, if the switch is off 10% of the time, the resulting control signal would be the equivalent of 1 V produced with a variable resistor.
A key switch 3-way socket has the switch incorporated in the lamp socket and requires no external wiring between switch and socket. This would be typical in a 3-way floor-standing floor lamp. A 3-way socket that is to be wired to a separate 3-way 2-circuit switch, is called a keyless 3-way socket. [4]
An optical switch enables signals in optical fibers or integrated optical circuits to be switched selectively between circuits. An optical switch can operate by mechanical means or by electro-optic effects, magneto-optic effects, and other methods.
In the circuit on the figure, a non-linearized VCR design, the voltage-controlled resistor, the LSK489C JFET, is used as a programmable voltage divider. The VGS supply sets the level of the output resistance of the JFET. The drain-to-source resistance of the JFET (R DS) and the drain resistor (R 1) form the voltage-divider network. The output ...
This circuit does not have a resistor like the above, but all tuned circuits have some resistance, causing them to function as an RLC circuit. An RLC circuit is an electrical circuit consisting of a resistor (R), an inductor (L), and a capacitor (C), connected in series or in parallel. The name of the circuit is derived from the letters that ...
A special resonant circuit in the driver produces an initial high voltage on the coil to start a gas discharge; thereafter the voltage is reduced to normal running level. The system can be seen as a type of transformer , with the power coupler (inductor) forming the primary coil and the gas discharge arc in the bulb forming the one-turn ...