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The Vanguard rocket [1] was intended to be the first launch vehicle the United States would use to place a satellite into orbit. Instead, the Sputnik crisis caused by the surprise launch of Sputnik 1 led the U.S., after the failure of Vanguard TV-3, to quickly orbit the Explorer 1 satellite using a Juno I rocket, making Vanguard 1 the second successful U.S. orbital launch.
Vanguard 1 (Harvard designation: 1958-Beta 2, [3] COSPAR ID: 1958-002B [1]) is an American satellite that was the fourth artificial Earth-orbiting satellite to be successfully launched, following Sputnik 1, Sputnik 2, and Explorer 1. It was launched 17 March 1958.
Vanguard TV-2 arrived at Cape Canaveral in June 1957. Vanguard TV-2 was a prototype as it had a liquid rocket first stage, a dummy (no fuel) second stage, and a dummy (no fuel) third stage. Three Vanguard stages were needed to put a satellite in orbit, the final goal of the Vanguard project. Since stage two and three had no power the test ...
Project Vanguard was a program managed by the United States Navy Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), which intended to launch the first artificial satellite into low Earth orbit using a Vanguard rocket [1] as the launch vehicle from Cape Canaveral Missile Annex, Florida.
Project Vanguard was a program managed by the United States Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), and designed and built by the Glenn L. Martin Company (now Lockheed-Martin), which intended to launch the first artificial satellite into Earth orbit using a Vanguard rocket [1] as the launch vehicle from Cape Canaveral Missile Annex, Florida.
All of these launches failed to reach orbit. The satellites that failed to reach orbit were: [9] Vanguard 2A: launched 29 April 1958, by the Vanguard TV-5 rocket; Vanguard 2B: launched 28 May 1958, by the Vanguard SLV-1 rocket; Vanguard 2C: launched 26 June 1958, by the Vanguard SLV-2 rocket; Vanguard 2D: launched 26 September 1958, by the ...
The satellite Vanguard 2C being examined at Cape Canaveral. Vanguard SLV-2 hoped to put into orbit the Vanguard 2C satellite, a Lyman Alpha satellite, with a magnetosphere measurement device. The satellite payload was 9.75 kg (21.5 lb). Vanguard SLV-2 only reached an altitude of 165 km (103 mi), the goal was 3,840 km (2,390 mi) to orbit. [2] [3]
Vanguard TV-0, also called Vanguard Test Vehicle-Zero, was the first sub-orbital test flight of a Viking rocket as part of the Project Vanguard.. Project Vanguard was a program managed by the United States Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), and designed and built by the Glenn L. Martin Company (now Lockheed-Martin), which intended to launch the first artificial satellite into Earth orbit using a ...