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Engaging in special interests can bring autistic people great joy [25] [26] and many autistic people spend large amounts of time engaged in their special interest. [27] In adults, engaging with special interests has been shown to have positive outcomes for mental health, [28] self-esteem, [29] and can be used to manage stress.
The estimates range from "exceedingly rare" [18] to one in ten people with autism having savant skills in varying degrees. [1] A 2009 British study of 137 parents of autistic children found that 28% believe their children met the criteria for a savant skill, defined as a skill or power "at a level that would be unusual even for 'normal' people ...
Approximately 8 in 10 people with autism have a mental health problem in their lifetime, in comparison to 1 in 4 of the general population. [132] [133] [134] A 2019 meta-analysis found autistic people to be four times more likely to have depression than non-autistic people, with approximately 40% of autistic adults having depression. [135]
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The term "high-functioning autism" was used in a manner similar to Asperger syndrome, another outdated classification.The defining characteristic recognized by psychologists was a significant delay in the development of early speech and language skills, before the age of three years. [12]
The program was started by the parents of Raun Kaufman, who is claimed to have gone from being autistic to normal via the treatment in the early 1970s. [78] A stated goal of the program is to increase eye contact. [79] In a 2017 qualitative study it was found that autistic people have reported to find eye contact distressing. [80]
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The savant skills are not needed in the film, but in the movies savant skills have become a stereotype for the autism spectrum, because of the incorrect assertion that most autistic people are savants. [124] Some works from the 1970s have autistic characters, [which?] who are rarely labeled. [125]