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Pieris, the whites or garden whites, is a widespread, now almost cosmopolitan, genus of butterflies of the family Pieridae.The highest species diversity is in the Palearctic, with a higher diversity in Europe and eastern North America than the similar and closely related Pontia.
Pieris rapae is a small- to medium-sized butterfly species of the whites-and-yellows family Pieridae.It is known in Europe as the small white, in North America as the cabbage white or cabbage butterfly, [note 1] on several continents as the small cabbage white, and in New Zealand as the white butterfly. [2]
Pieris brassicae, the large white, also called cabbage butterfly, cabbage white, cabbage moth (erroneously), or in India the large cabbage white, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It is a close relative of the small white, Pieris rapae .
Considering that the butterfly was last collected in 1977, and not found since despite a 15-year survey during the 1980s and 1990s, it might be either extremely rare or possibly extinct. [5] The disappearance of this species coincides with the introduction, in the 1950s, of the small white butterfly (Pieris rapae).
The larvae (caterpillars) of a few of these species, such as Pieris brassicae and Pieris rapae, commonly seen in gardens, feed on brassicas, and are notorious agricultural pests. Males of many species exhibit gregarious mud-puddling behavior when they may imbibe salts from moist soils. [1]
Pieris bryoniae, the dark-veined white or mountain green-veined white, is a Palearctic butterfly of the family Pieridae. It has variously been considered to be a full species , a subspecies of Pieris napi or a superspecies complex.
Pieris oleracea, or more commonly known as the mustard white, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae native to a large part of Canada and the northeastern United States. The nearly all-white butterfly is often found in wooded areas or open plains. There are two seasonal forms, which make it distinct from other similar species.
Pieris angelika – Arctic white; Pieris brassicae – large white; Pieris marginalis – margined white Pieris marginalis reicheli – Reichel's margined white; Pieris oleracea – mustard white Pieris oleracea frigida – Newfoundland white; Pieris rapae – small white; Pieris virginiensis – West Virginia white butterfly