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Japanese education in Brazil was modeled after education systems in Japan, and schools in Japanese communities in Brazil received funding directly from the Japanese government. [28] By 1933, there were 140,000–150,000 Japanese Brazilians, which was by far the largest Japanese population in any Latin American country.
From the end of the 1980s, there was a reversal of the migratory flow between Brazil and Japan, because, with the reflexes of the economic crisis of the 1980s, in addition to the consequences of the Collor Plan and Japan's demand for workforce, about 85 000 Japanese and descendants living in Brazil decided to try life in Japan between 1980 and ...
The vast majority of the immigrants came from Italy. Brazil attracted nearly 5 million immigrants between 1870 and 1953. The large number of Italians are visible in many parts of Southeast Brazil. Their descendants are nowadays predominant in many areas. For example, Northeast São Paulo is 45% Italian. [92]
The first Japanese immigrants arrived in Brazil in 1908. Until the 1950s, more than 250 thousand Japanese immigrated to Brazil. Currently, the Japanese-Brazilian population is estimated at 2.1 million people. It is the largest ethnic Japanese population outside Japan, followed closely by the Japanese community in the United States.
The main reason for Japanese immigration in Brazil, which began in the 20th century, was to supply a demand for foreign labor in the coffee plantations. At the time, Japan's high population growth made it difficult for it to provide jobs for its entire inhabitants.
The book has a total of nine chapters. [6] The first chapter is about early Japanese immigration to the United States, Canada, and Hawaii. [7] The second chapter discusses Japanese society in the 1800s, including the Meiji Era, and beyond up until the signing of the 1908 gentleman's agreement between the United States and Japan, which restricted Japanese immigration.
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Argentina is home to about 80,000 people of Japanese descent. Most of them live in Buenos Aires and districts like Balvanera and Monserrat have many Japanese restaurants, shops and izakayas. Buenos Aires also has the largest Japanese garden outside Japan, called Jardín Japonés, located in Palermo district. [70]