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The Kellogg–Briand Pact or Pact of Paris – officially the General Treaty for Renunciation of War as an Instrument of National Policy [1] – is a 1928 international agreement on peace in which signatory states promised not to use war to resolve "disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them". [2]
In foreign affairs, Coolidge pointed to the success of the Kellogg-Briand Pact, an international treaty renouncing war as a means of resolving disputes. He described it as a "solemn declaration against war" and a major step towards a peaceful global order. [ 1 ]
On 27 August 1928, both Romania and the Soviet Union signed and ratified the Kellogg–Briand Pact, renouncing war as an instrument of national policy. [47] On 9 February 1929, the Soviet Union signed a protocol with its western neighbors, Estonia, Latvia, Poland, and Romania, confirming adherence to the terms of the Pact. [48]
Fourteen major nations were the first to sign the Kellogg-Briand Pact in Paris in 1928. The Kellogg–Briand Pact of 1928 resulted from a proposal drafted by the United States and France that, in effect, outlawed war to resolve "disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them".
1928 – Kellogg–Briand Pact, multilateral treaty outlawing war by moral force of 60 signatory nations. 1929 – Young Plan reduces amount of reparations due from Germany to $8.0 billion over 58 years.
The Litvinov pact was an enrichment of the Kellogg-Briand pact to ensure that the USSR had sufficient time to recuperate and rebuild the Soviet state in the 1920s. During the 1930s, the pact began to deteriorate, as disputes by member states increased in frequency and severity.
The former U.N. Secretary General calls on leaders to step up and deliver a global resettlement programme on a meaningful scale
U.S. Secretary of State Frank B. Kellogg sent a note to French Foreign Minister Aristide Briand stating that the United States desired to abolish the institution of war, and proposing an international treaty that would come to be known as the Kellogg–Briand Pact. [42] Died: Armando Diaz, 66, Italian general