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The asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR) is a primitive reflex found in newborn humans that normally vanishes around 6 months of age. It is also known as the bow and arrow or " fencing reflex " because of the characteristic position of the infant's arms and head, which resembles that of a fencer .
The symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR) is a primitive reflex that normally emerges during the first month of an infant's life and is diminished by the age of 9–10 months. [1] It is a bridging or transitional brainstem reflex that is an important developmental stage and is necessary for a baby to transition from lying on the floor to ...
The Moro reflex is an important indicator for evaluating integration of the central nervous system, named after its discoverer, pediatrician Ernst Moro. Although this is sometimes referred to as the startle reaction , startle response, startle reflex or embrace reflex, most researchers see it as distinct from the startle reflex , [ 10 ] and it ...
The tonic labyrinthine reflex (TLR) is a primitive reflex found in newborn humans. With this reflex, tilting the head back (extension) while lying on the stomach causes the back to stiffen and even arch backwards, the legs to straighten, stiffen, and push together, the toes to point, the arms to straighten (not bend at the elbows and wrists, and the hands to become fisted or the fingers to curl).
Asymmetric tonic neck reflex (ATNR) or tonic neck reflex a primitive reflex— in infants up to four months of age, when the head is turned to the side, the arm on that side will straighten and the contralateral arm will bend.
Landau reflex or Landau reaction refers to a reflex seen in infants when held horizontally in the air in the prone position. [1] It emerges 3 months after birth and lasts until up to 12 months to 24 months of age. [2]
Because the methods of vestibular rehabilitation therapy differ for different disorders, the form of vestibular dysfunction, ability level, and history of symptoms, each patient must be carefully assessed in order to diagnose vestibular dysfunction and to choose the correct exercises for treatment.Vestibular physiotherapy entails precise maneuvers and sports designed to deal with inner ear ...
Galant reflex, or truncal incurvation reflex, is a newborn reflex, named after neurologist Johann Susmann Galant.It is elicited by holding the newborn in ventral suspension (face down) and stroking along the one side of the spine.