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High-speed inter-city rail (above 124 mph or 200 km/h) was first introduced in Great Britain in the 1970s by British Rail. BR had pursued two development projects in parallel, the development of a tilting train technology, the Advanced Passenger Train (APT), and development of a conventional high-speed diesel train, the High Speed Train (HST).
An ETR 500 train running on the Florence–Rome high-speed line near Arezzo, the first high-speed railway opened in Europe [3] Across the EU, passenger rail transport saw a 50% increase between 2021 and 2022, with the 2022 passenger-kilometers figure being slightly under that of 2019 (i.e. before the COVID-19 pandemic). [4]
[1] [2] [3] However, since the 1990s, rail has started increasing its modal share at the expense of cars, increasing from 5% to 10% of passenger-kilometres travelled. [1] This coincided with the privatisation of British Rail. In 1952, 27% of distance travelled was by car or taxi; with 42% being by bus or coach and 18% by rail.
This is a list of railway lines in Great Britain that are currently in operation, split by country and region. There are a limited number of main inter-regional lines, with all but one entering Greater London . [ 1 ]
Bunkermuseum Hanstholm museum (MuseumsCenter Hanstholm) railway is preserved. [50] [51] Blovstrød Banen railway is preserved. Lille Vildmose (Lille Vildmosecentret), Lille Vildmose Museum Center, Dokkedal railway is preserved. [52] [53] Ree Park – America Expresses. [54] Østerbygård Dambrug is an active industrial railway. [55]
British Railway History. An outline from the accession of William IV to the Nationalisation of Railways, 1830–1876 (vol 1. G. Allen and Unwin, 1954) Ellis, Cuthbert Hamilton. British Railway History: An Outline from the Accession of William IV to the Nationalization of Railways, 1877–1947. Vol. 2 (G. Allen and Unwin, 1959); see online review.
A History of the Great North of Scotland Railway ((reprint of 1950 edition published by Locomotive Publishing) ed.). Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-2592-4. H.A.Vallance (June 1996). History of the Railways of the Scottish Highlands: Highland Railway. House of Lochar. ISBN 1-899863-07-9. Thomas, John (November 1969). The North British Railway Vol 1 ...
Here, the vast majority of the railway system standardised on the standard gauge of 4 ft 8½ ins (1435 mm). Rail transport in Ireland discusses rail transport on the island of Ireland, comprising the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. Here a system using a gauge of 5 ft 3 ins (1600 mm) developed.