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The test can also detect heart abnormalities such as arrhythmias, and conditions affecting electrical conduction within the heart such as various types of fascicular blocks. [3] A "normal" stress test does not offer any substantial reassurance that a future unstable coronary plaque will not rupture and block an artery, inducing a heart attack ...
Pseudo-ST-depression, which is a wandering baseline due to poor skin contact of the electrode [3] Physiologic J-junctional depression with sinus tachycardia [3] Hyperventilation [3] Horizontal ST depression in V4, V5, V6 leads during a cardiac stress ECG. Other, non-ischemic, causes include: Side effect of digoxin [4] [3] Hypokalemia [4] [3]
With a maximal stress test the level of exercise is increased until the person's heart rate will not increase any higher, despite increased exercise. A fairly accurate estimate of the target heart rate, based on extensive clinical research, can be estimated by the formula 220 beats per minute minus patient's age.
A cardiac stress test, puts stress on the heart through exercise. A series of exercises to measure the tolerance for stress on the heart will be carried out. This test uses an EKG to detect the electrical impulses of the heart during physical exertion. [29] A treadmill or exercise bike will be used.
People who have a normal ECG and who are able to exercise, for example, do not merit routine imaging. [13] Imaging tests such as stress radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging or stress echocardiography can confirm a diagnosis when a person's history, physical exam, ECG and cardiac biomarkers suggest the likelihood of a problem. [13]
Physiologically, this can occur in tall and thin individuals. [16] Pathologically, conditions such as a left-sided pneumothorax and lung hyperinflation (e.g. COPD) [17] can cause rightwards displacement of the heart. The congenital condition of dextrocardia results in right axis deviation.
Electrocardiography is the process of producing an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG [a]), a recording of the heart's electrical activity through repeated cardiac cycles. [4] It is an electrogram of the heart which is a graph of voltage versus time of the electrical activity of the heart [ 5 ] using electrodes placed on the skin.
Coronary steal is also the mechanism in most drug-based cardiac stress tests; When a patient is incapable of doing physical activity they are given a vasodilator that produces a "cardiac steal syndrome" as a diagnostic procedure. The test result is positive if the patient's symptoms reappear or if ECG alterations are seen. [citation needed]
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