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Common names include saffron plum [5] and coma. [6] [7] It is a spiny shrub or small tree that reaches a height of 2–9 m (6.6–29.5 ft). The dark green leaves are alternate or fascicled at the nodes and oblanceolate to obovate. Greenish-white flowers are present from May to November and are followed by single-seeded, blue-black drupes. [8]
Colchicum stevenii, or Steven's meadow saffron, is a species of flowering plant in the family Colchicaceae. Hebrew: סתוונית היורה, Arabic: سَراجُ الغولة, سُورَنْجان Hebrew: סתוונית היורה, Arabic: سَراجُ الغولة, سُورَنْجان
Colchicum bulbocodium, the spring meadow saffron, is a species of alpine bulbous plant native to mountain ranges across Europe from the Pyrenees to the Caucasus (Spain, France, Italy, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, Romania, the former Yugoslavia, Ukraine and southern European Russia). [1] [2] It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in many places.
Colchicum autumnale, commonly known as autumn crocus, meadow saffron, [3] naked boys [4] or naked ladies, [5] is a toxic autumn-blooming flowering plant that resembles the true crocuses, but is a member of the plant family Colchicaceae, unlike the true crocuses, which belong to the family Iridaceae.
Crocus sativus, commonly known as saffron crocus or autumn crocus, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the iris family Iridaceae. A cormous autumn-flowering cultivated perennial , unknown in the wild, [ 2 ] it is best known for the culinary use of its floral stigmas as the spice saffron .
It grows slowly, but is very tough and resistant to wind. In exposed positions, in direct sun or wind, it will tend to grow shorter, lower and denser. It forms an attractive, domed shape, with a saffron-coloured trunk and often multi-coloured foliage. The fruits attract great numbers of birds, and the flowers have a pleasant fragrance. [2]
Colchicum × byzantinum, the Byzantine meadow saffron, is a species of flowering plant in the family Colchicaceae with a long history of cultivation, and no certain place of origin. It is thought to be a hybrid of other species.
Saffron-based pigments have indeed been found in 50,000-year-old depictions of prehistoric places in northwest Iran. [87] [88] The Sumerians later used wild-growing saffron in their remedies and magical potions. [89] Saffron was an article of long-distance trade before the Minoan palace culture's 2nd millennium BC peak.