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A related fungus, Auricularia heimuer, is widely used in East Asian cooking and has often been misidentified as Auricularia auricula-judae. Auricularia auricula-judae has a mild flavour, which may be considered bland. [24] It can be dried and rehydrated, [25] sometimes swelling to 3 – 4 times in size. [25]
Several species within the order are edible and two, Auricularia heimuer and Auricularia cornea, are cultivated on a commercial scale, particularly in China and southeast Asia. They are widely exported, in a dried or powdered state, as "black fungus", "cloud ears", or "wood ears".
Auricularia heimuer, also known as heimuer (Chinese: 黑木耳; pinyin: hēimù'ěr) or black wood ear, is a species of fungus in the order Auriculariales. It is commercially cultivated for food in China at a value exceeding $4 billion (USD) per year.
Auricularia heimuer. Wood-ear or tree ear (Chinese: 木耳; pinyin: mù'ěr, Korean: 목이 버섯), also translated wood jellyfish or tree jellyfish (Japanese: キクラゲ, Hepburn: ki-kurage), can refer to a few similar-looking edible fungi used primarily in Chinese cuisine; these are commonly sold in Asian markets shredded and dried.
The genus was first introduced in 1780 by French mycologist Pierre Bulliard for a range of different fungi producing fruit bodies with an ear-like shape. In 1822 Christian Hendrik Persoon restricted the genus to two gelatinous species, Auricularia mesenterica (which became the type species) and A. sambuci (a synonym of Auricularia auricula-judae). [2]
Auricularia cornea is usually sold in dried form, and needs to be soaked in water before use. [citation needed] While almost tasteless, it is prized for its slippery but slightly crunchy texture, and its potential nutritional benefits. [10] The slight crunchiness persists despite most cooking processes. [11]
Auricularia heimuer, wood ear mushroom; Volvariella volvacea, the paddy straw mushroom or straw mushroom; Volvariella bombycina, the silky rosegill mushroom; Flammulina filiformis, the enoki mushroom, golden needle mushroom, seafood mushroom, lily mushroom, or winter mushroom; Flammulina velutipes
The Auriculariales are an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes.Species within the order were formerly referred to the "heterobasidiomycetes" or "jelly fungi", since many have gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that produce spores on septate basidia.