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RetroArch is a free and open-source, cross-platform frontend for emulators, game engines, video games, media players and other applications. It is the reference implementation of the libretro API , [ 2 ] [ 3 ] designed to be fast, lightweight, portable and without dependencies. [ 4 ]
For glass containers, the goal of surface dealkalization is to render the inside surface of the container more resistant to interactions with liquid products later put inside it. Since the treatment is directed primarily at changing the properties of the inside surface in contact with the product, it is also referred to as "internal treatment".
Pontil scar on the base of a free-blown glass bowl. A pontil mark or punt mark is the scar where the pontil, punty or punt was broken from a work of blown glass.The presence of such a scar indicates that a glass bottle or bowl was blown freehand, while the absence of a punt mark suggests either that the mark has been obliterated or that the work was mold-blown.
Bottles in different colours Mixed colour glass cullet Public glass waste collection point for different colours of containers. Glass recycling is the processing of waste glass into usable products. [1] Glass that is crushed or imploded and ready to be remelted is called cullet. [2] There are two types of cullet: internal and external.
Broadly, modern glass container factories are three-part operations: the "batch house", the "hot end", and the "cold end". The batch house handles the raw materials; the hot end handles the manufacture proper—the forehearth, forming machines, and annealing ovens; and the cold end handles the product-inspection and packaging equipment.
Container glass is a type of glass for the production of glass containers, such as bottles, jars, drinkware, and bowls. Container glass stands in contrast to flat glass (used for windows , glass doors, transparent walls, windshields ) and glass fiber (used for thermal insulation , in fiberglass composites, and optical communication ).
Crude versions of conically tapered ground glass joints have been made for quite a while, [1] particularly for stoppers for glass bottles and retorts. [2] Crude glass joints could still be made to seal well by grinding the two parts of a joint against each other using an abrasive grit, but this led to variations between joints and they would not seal well if mated to a different joint.
Refining is the removal of bubbles from the molten glass. Alternatively the term "Fining" is used, in this case, "refining" refers to the chemical processes only. Refining is supported by high temperature and stirring, as well as chemical reactions caused by refining agents. Refining agents increa