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The fundamental Wiio's law states that "Communication usually fails, except by accident". The full set of laws is as follows: Communication usually fails, except by accident. If communication can fail, it will. If communication cannot fail, it still most usually fails. If communication seems to succeed in the intended way, there's a ...
Osmo A. Wiio (1961) Osmo Antero Wiio (4 February 1928 – 20 February 2013) was a Finnish academic, journalist, author and member of the Finnish Parliament. [ 1 ] He is best known for his somewhat facetious Wiio's laws around communication, succinctly summarized as "Communication usually fails, except by accident".
The communication skills required for successful communication are different for source and receiver. For the source, this includes the ability to express oneself or to encode the message in an accessible way. [8] Communication starts with a specific purpose and encoding skills are necessary to express this purpose in the form of a message.
Communications law [1] refers to the regulation of electronic communications by wire or radio. [2] It encompasses regulations governing broadcasting, telephone and telecommunications service, cable television, satellite communications, [ 3 ] wireless telecommunications, and the Internet.
Communication – purposeful activity of exchanging information and meaning across space and time using various technical or natural means, whichever is available or preferred. Communication requires a sender, a message, a medium and a recipient, although the receiver does not have to be present or aware of the sender's intent to communicate at ...
States have increasingly adopted laws and policies to legalize monitoring of communication, justifying these practices with the need to defend their own citizens and national interests. In parts of Europe , new anti-terrorism laws have enabled a greater degree of government surveillance and an increase in the ability of intelligence authorities ...
The four-sides model also known as communication square or four-ears model is a communication model described in 1981 by German psychologist Friedemann Schulz von Thun. [2] [3] It describes the multi-layered structure of human utterances.
Shannon's diagram of a general communications system, showing the process by which a message sent becomes the message received (possibly corrupted by noise) This work is known for introducing the concepts of channel capacity as well as the noisy channel coding theorem. Shannon's article laid out the basic elements of communication: