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Anopheles (/ ə ˈ n ɒ f ɪ l iː z /) is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. [1] Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite Plasmodium , a genus of protozoans that cause malaria in birds , reptiles , and mammals , including humans.
Anopheles mosquitoes can fly for up to four hours continuously at 1 to 2 km/h (0.62 to 1.24 mph), [8] traveling up to 12 km (7.5 mi) in a night. Males beat their wings between 450 and 600 times per second, driven indirectly by muscles which vibrate the thorax.
Of the approximately 430 Anopheles species, while over 100 are known to be able to transmit malaria to humans, only 30–40 commonly do so in nature. Mosquitoes in other genera can transmit different diseases, such as yellow fever and dengue for species in the genus Aedes. The genus Aedes has over 950 species. [1]
Its complete its life cycle in two hosts, man being the definitive host while the mosquitoes act as the intermediate host. The most common mosquito vectors that aid in transmission are Anopheles in Africa, Culex in America, Aedes and Mansonia in Asia (Zulfiqar et al., 2023). Female worms are ovoviviparous and can produce thousands of juveniles ...
The mosquito genus Aedes encompasses over 900 species and several subgenera that are found on all continents except Antarctica, but especially in tropical and subtropical zones. Some of the most well-known species include Aedes aegypti , A. albopictus , and A. japonicus .
Aedes (also known as the tiger mosquito [1]) is a genus of mosquitoes originally found in tropical and subtropical zones, but now found on all continents except Antarctica. Some species have been spread by human activity : Aedes albopictus , a particularly invasive species , was spread to the Americas , including the United States , in the ...
Anopheles anthropophagus Xu and Feng is considered to be a junior synonym of Anopheles lesteri de Meillon 1931. Anopheles bonneorum Fonseca & Ramos is considered to be a synonym of Anopheles costai. Anopheles lewisi Ludlow 1920 is a synonym of Anopheles thomasi Shannon 1933. Anopheles lineata Lutz is a synonym of Anopheles nimbus Theobald.
Anopheles coluzzii; Anopheles amharicus; The individual species of the complex are morphologically difficult to distinguish from each other, although it is possible for larvae and adult females. The species exhibit different behavioural traits. For example, Anopheles quadriannulatus is both a saltwater and mineralwater species.