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As a term, "Marxism–Leninism" is misleading because Marx and Lenin never sanctioned or supported the creation of an -ism after them, and is reveling because, being popularized after Lenin's death by Stalin, it contained three clear doctrinal and institutionalized principles that became a model for later Soviet-type regimes; its global ...
Leninism (Russian: Ленинизм, Leninizm) is a political ideology developed by Russian Marxist revolutionary Vladimir Lenin that proposes the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat led by a revolutionary vanguard party as the political prelude to the establishment of communism.
It was an obligatory subject of study in all institutions of higher education in the Soviet Union, [1] as a seminal work of dialectical materialism, a part of the curriculum called "Marxist–Leninist Philosophy". [2] Lenin argued that human minds are capable of forming representations of the world that portray the world as it is.
Part One: The Philosophical Foundations of The Marxist-Leninist World Outlook [ edit ] Part One of Fundamentals covers materialist and idealist philosophy, the use of dialectics within materialist philosophy and its opposition to metaphysics , and develops a theory of knowledge, truth, necessity, and human freedom.
After it was published, it was praised in the Soviet Union for raising dialectical materialism to "new and higher levels" and considered "one of the pinnacles of Marxist-Leninist thought." [ 4 ] It was also praised for its clarity and accessibility, and was referred to as "the first accurate and doctrinally reliable work in this field."
The two-stage theory, or stagism, is a Marxist–Leninist political theory which argues that underdeveloped countries such as Tsarist Russia must first pass through a stage of capitalism via a bourgeois revolution before moving to a socialist stage. [1] Stagism was applied to countries worldwide that had not passed through the capitalist stage.
However, socialist theory in Russia, as elsewhere in Europe, was the product of the "educated representatives of the propertied classes", the intellectuals or "revolutionary socialist intellectuals". Lenin states that Karl Marx and Engels themselves, the very founders of modern scientific socialism , belonged to this bourgeois intelligentsia .
The State and Revolution is considered to be Lenin's most important work on the state and has been called by Lucio Colletti "Lenin's greatest contribution to political theory". [2] According to the Marxologist David McLellan , "the book had its origin in Lenin's argument with Bukharin in the summer of 1916 over the existence of the state after ...