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A scalar in physics and other areas of science is also a scalar in mathematics, as an element of a mathematical field used to define a vector space.For example, the magnitude (or length) of an electric field vector is calculated as the square root of its absolute square (the inner product of the electric field with itself); so, the inner product's result is an element of the mathematical field ...
A scalar is an element of a field which is used to define a vector space.In linear algebra, real numbers or generally elements of a field are called scalars and relate to vectors in an associated vector space through the operation of scalar multiplication (defined in the vector space), in which a vector can be multiplied by a scalar in the defined way to produce another vector.
A vector is what is needed to "carry" the point A to the point B; the Latin word vector means "carrier". [4] It was first used by 18th century astronomers investigating planetary revolution around the Sun. [5] The magnitude of the vector is the distance between the two points, and the direction refers to the direction of displacement from A to B.
If 0° ≤ θ ≤ 90°, as in this case, the scalar projection of a on b coincides with the length of the vector projection. Vector projection of a on b (a 1), and vector rejection of a from b (a 2).
Scalar multiplication of a vector by a factor of 3 stretches the vector out. The scalar multiplications −a and 2a of a vector a. In mathematics, scalar multiplication is one of the basic operations defining a vector space in linear algebra [1] [2] [3] (or more generally, a module in abstract algebra [4] [5]).
Scalar may refer to: . Scalar (mathematics), an element of a field, which is used to define a vector space, usually the field of real numbers Scalar (physics), a physical quantity that can be described by a single element of a number field such as a real number
If F is a conservative vector field (also called irrotational, curl-free, or potential), and its components have continuous partial derivatives, the potential of F with respect to a reference point r 0 is defined in terms of the line integral: = = (()) ′ (), where C is a parametrized path from r 0 to r, (),, =, =.
In this article, vectors are represented in boldface to distinguish them from scalars. [nb 1] [1]A vector space over a field F is a non-empty set V together with a binary operation and a binary function that satisfy the eight axioms listed below.