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In physics and continuum mechanics, deformation is the change in the shape or size of an object. It has dimension of length with SI unit of metre (m). It is quantified as the residual displacement of particles in a non-rigid body, from an initial configuration to a final configuration, excluding the body's average translation and rotation (its rigid transformation). [1]
Different deformation modes may occur under different conditions, as can be depicted using a deformation mechanism map. Permanent deformation is irreversible; the deformation stays even after removal of the applied forces, while the temporary deformation is recoverable as it disappears after the removal of applied forces.
In physics, a rigid body, also known as a rigid object, [2] is a solid body in which deformation is zero or negligible. The distance between any two given points on a rigid body remains constant in time regardless of external forces or moments exerted on it. A rigid body is usually considered as a continuous distribution of mass.
In mechanics, strain is defined as relative deformation, compared to a reference position configuration. Different equivalent choices may be made for the expression of a strain field depending on whether it is defined with respect to the initial or the final configuration of the body and on whether the metric tensor or its dual is considered.
In continuum mechanics, stress is a physical quantity that describes forces present during deformation.For example, an object being pulled apart, such as a stretched elastic band, is subject to tensile stress and may undergo elongation.
In continuum mechanics, the infinitesimal strain theory is a mathematical approach to the description of the deformation of a solid body in which the displacements of the material particles are assumed to be much smaller (indeed, infinitesimally smaller) than any relevant dimension of the body; so that its geometry and the constitutive properties of the material (such as density and stiffness ...
Creep is a deformation mechanism that may or may not constitute a failure mode. For example, moderate creep in concrete is sometimes welcomed because it relieves tensile stresses that might otherwise lead to cracking. Unlike brittle fracture, creep deformation does not occur
Deformation can refer to: Deformation (engineering), changes in an object's shape or form due to the application of a force or forces. Deformation (physics), such changes considered and analyzed as displacements of continuum bodies. Deformation (meteorology), a measure of the rate at which the shapes of clouds and other fluid bodies change.