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The central role of DNA damage and epigenetic defects in DNA repair genes in carcinogenesis. DNA damage is considered to be the primary cause of cancer. [17] More than 60,000 new naturally-occurring instances of DNA damage arise, on average, per human cell, per day, due to endogenous cellular processes (see article DNA damage (naturally occurring)).
Cancer is caused by genetic changes leading to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation. The basic cause of sporadic (non-familial) cancers is DNA damage and genomic instability. [1] [2] A minority of cancers are due to inherited genetic mutations. [3] Most cancers are related to environmental, lifestyle, or behavioral exposures. [4]
In cancer treatment, growth factor receptor inhibitors have been used to target cancer cells. [2]In cancer research, growth factor receptor inhibitors have been applied to protect normal cells selectively from the toxic side-effects of chemotherapy targeted against cancer cells.
The hypothesis was postulated by the Nobel laureate Otto Heinrich Warburg in 1924. [3] He hypothesized that cancer, malignant growth, and tumor growth are caused by the fact that tumor cells mainly generate energy (as e.g., adenosine triphosphate / ATP) by non-oxidative breakdown of glucose (a process called glycolysis).
Cancer is fundamentally a disease of tissue growth regulation. For a normal cell to transform into a cancer cell, the genes that regulate cell growth and differentiation must be altered. [97] The affected genes are divided into two broad categories. Oncogenes are genes that promote cell growth and reproduction.
According to a new study, cancer risk may have more to do with lifestyle, not genetics, in as many as 90 percent of cases. %shareLinks-quote="Cancer risk may have more to do with lifestyle, not ...
Canadians share so many similarities with people in the United States, but there is so much about Canada that Americans get wrong. From speech to health care and other facets of everyday life ...
Illustration of how a normal cell is converted to a cancer cell, when an oncogene becomes activated. An oncogene is a gene that has the potential to cause cancer. [1] In tumor cells, these genes are often mutated, or expressed at high levels. [2]