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The pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome involves fluid accumulation in the lungs not explained by heart failure (noncardiogenic pulmonary edema). It is typically provoked by an acute injury to the lungs that results in flooding of the lungs' microscopic air sacs responsible for the exchange of gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide with capillaries in the lungs. [1]
Pyelonephritis is inflammation of the kidney, typically due to a bacterial infection. [3] Symptoms most often include fever and flank tenderness . [ 2 ] Other symptoms may include nausea , burning with urination , and frequent urination . [ 2 ]
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a type of respiratory failure characterized by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs. [1] Symptoms include shortness of breath (dyspnea), rapid breathing (tachypnea), and bluish skin coloration (cyanosis). [ 1 ]
Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is a histologic term used to describe specific changes that occur to the structure of the lungs during injury or disease.Most often DAD is described in association with the early stages of acute respiratory distress syndrome (). [1]
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) - is a breathing problem that sometimes affects babies born six weeks or more before their due dates. Their lungs aren't developed enough to make surfactant, a liquid that coats the inside of the lungs and keeps them open so that the baby can breathe in air once he or she is born.
Nephritic syndrome is a syndrome comprising signs of nephritis, which is kidney disease involving inflammation.It often occurs in the glomerulus, where it is called glomerulonephritis.
Acute interstitial pneumonitis is often categorized as both an interstitial lung disease and a form of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In uncommon instances, if ARDS appears acutely, in the absence of known triggers, and follows a rapidly progressing clinical course, the term "Acute interstitial pneumonia" is used. [ 1 ]
CVA tenderness is often present in acute pyelonephritis. [ 5 ] [ 4 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] CVA tenderness may be present in patients who have a kidney stone , [ 8 ] [ 7 ] a stone in the ureter , [ 8 ] a ureteropelvic junction obstruction, [ 8 ] a kidney abscess , [ 8 ] a urinary tract infection , [ 9 ] and vesicoureteral reflux . [ 10 ]