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In 1980, the OECD issued recommendations for protection of personal data in the form of eight principles. These were non-binding and in 1995, the European Union (EU) enacted a more binding form of governance, i.e. legislation, to protect personal data privacy in the form of the Data Protection Directive.
2000/520/EC: Commission Decision of 26 July 2000 pursuant to Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the adequacy of the protection provided by the safe harbour privacy principles and related frequently asked questions issued by the US Department of Commerce (notified under document number C(2000) 2441) (Safe harbour ...
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In general, there are seven major principles which the organization has developed. They are stated in the following paragraphs: [16] Notice – Individuals must be informed that their data is being collected and how it will be used.
In order to bridge these different privacy approaches and provide a streamlined means for U.S. organizations to comply with the Directive, the U.S. Department of Commerce in consultation with the European Commission developed a "safe harbor" framework. In order for the framework to be enforced, companies must publicly publish a privacy policy. [49]
The FTC has approved a number of US providers to certify compliance with the US-EU Safe Harbor. Since 2010 Safe Harbor is criticised especially by German publicly appointed privacy protectors because the FTC's will to assert the defined rules hadn't been implemented in a proper even after revealing disharmonies. [34]
BCRs are a framework for having different elements (internal legal agreements, policies, trainings, audits, etc.) that allow compliance with EU data protection regulations and privacy protection. The BCRs were developed as an alternative to the "standard contractual clauses" (SCCs) [ 1 ] and the now defunct U.S. Department of Commerce EU Safe ...
The safe harbor method uses a list approach to de-identification and has two requirements: The removal or generalization of 18 elements from the data. That the Covered Entity or Business Associate does not have actual knowledge that the residual information in the data could be used alone, or in combination with other information, to identify ...