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The Prison Notebooks (Italian: Quaderni del carcere [kwaˈdɛrni del ˈkartʃere]) [1] are a series of essays written by the Italian Marxist Antonio Gramsci. Gramsci was imprisoned by the Italian Fascist regime in 1926. The notebooks were written between 1929 and 1935, when Gramsci was released from prison to a medical center on grounds of ill ...
Gramsci's many prison notebooks. Gramsci was one of the most influential Marxist thinkers of the 20th century, and a particularly key thinker in the development of Western Marxism. He wrote more than 30 notebooks and 3,000 pages of history and analysis during his imprisonment.
Antonio Gramsci, sentenced to twenty years in prison by the fascist courts, relives the stages of his political career and private life: in particular the foundation of the Italian Communist Party, the useless resistance to the right-wing offensive, marriage, arrest, the conflict with Palmiro Togliatti.
Prison literature is the literary genre of works written by an author in unwilling confinement, such as a prison, jail or house arrest. [1] The writing can be about prison, informed by it, or simply incidentally written while in prison. It could be a memoir, nonfiction, or fiction.
In discussions of the meaning of the term subaltern in the work of Gramsci, Spivak said that he used the word as a synonym for the proletariat (a code word to deceive the prison censor to allow his manuscripts out the prison), [5] but contemporary evidence indicates that the term was a novel concept in Gramsci's political theory. [6]
The roots of the Italian road to socialism were in Antonio Gramsci's Prison Notebooks, in particular his considerations regarding historical materialism, the Unification of Italy, the role of intellectuals in society and the political party seen as the modern Prince in Machiavelli. [4] [3]
Seemingly inspired by the Theses, the nineteenth century socialist Antonio Labriola called Marxism the "philosophy of praxis". [11] This description of Marxism would appear again in Antonio Gramsci's Prison Notebooks [11] and the writings of the members of the Frankfurt School.
The Prison Notebooks of the Italian Communist Antonio Gramsci, written during this period, but not published until much later, are also classified as belonging to Western Marxism. [14] Ernst Bloch is a contemporaneous figure who is likewise sometimes judged to be one of Western Marxism's founding fathers.