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The classical world of Greece and the early Roman Empire explained volcanoes as sites of various gods. Greeks considered that Hephaestus, the god of fire, sat below the volcano Etna, forging the weapons of Zeus. The Greek word used to describe volcanoes was etna, or hiera, after Heracles, the son of Zeus.
4 Hawaii, United States: 1790 Keanakakoi eruption: 350 to 400 Mount Mayon: 4 Philippines: 1897 [22] 353 Mount Merapi: 4 Indonesia: 2010 2010 eruptions of Mount Merapi: 340 Cotopaxi: 4 Ecuador: 1877 [23] 326 Makian: 4 Indonesia: 1861 [6] 245 Nyiragongo: 1 Democratic Republic of the Congo: 2002 216 Mount Vesuvius: 4 Italy: 1906 [24] 190 to 2,900 ...
Active volcanoes such as Stromboli, Mount Etna and Kīlauea do not appear on this list, but some back-arc basin volcanoes that generated calderas do appear. Some dangerous volcanoes in "populated areas" appear many times: Santorini six times, and Yellowstone hotspot 21 times.
World map of active volcanoes and plate boundaries Kīlauea's lava entering the sea Lava flows at Holuhraun, Iceland, September 2014. An active volcano is a volcano that has erupted during the Holocene (the current geologic epoch that began approximately 11,700 years ago), is currently erupting, or has the potential to erupt in the future. [1]
In his exploration of active volcanoes in Vanuatu, Indonesia (Mount Sinabung and Mount Merapi), Ethiopia , Iceland, and North Korea (Paektu Mountain), Herzog is led by volcanologist Clive Oppenheimer, who hopes to minimize destructive impact of volcanoes through his work. The primary goal of Herzog's quest is to get a better idea of our origins ...
Dacite is a silicic volcanic rock common in explosive eruptions, lava domes and short thick lava flows. There are also large intracaldera lavas composed of andesite, a volcanic rock compositionally intermediate between basalt (poor in silica content) and dacite (higher silica content) in the La Garita Caldera.
Volcanoes are usually mountains (sometimes islands, lakes, plateaus, calderas, seamounts or lava domes) that are formed when magma (liquid rock) wells up from inside the Earth. There are also analogous formations away from the Earth. Many volcanoes are categorized both as volcanoes and other landforms, such as mountains (if qualified).
A stock of nordmarkite (quartz-alkali syenite) of Triassic age, in the Gevanim Valley, Makhtesh Ramon, southern Israel.. In geology, a stock is an igneous intrusion that has a surface exposure of less than 100 square kilometres (40 sq mi), [1] [2] differing from batholiths only in being smaller.