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Kilmainham Gaol housed prisoners during the Irish War of Independence (1919–21) and many of the anti-treaty forces during the civil war period. Charles Stewart Parnell was imprisoned in Kilmainham Gaol, along with most of his parliamentary colleagues, in 1881-82 when he signed the Kilmainham Treaty with William Gladstone. [22]
Messages were sent from Kilmainham Gaol to each prison stating that all internees would end the strike together. [41] The day after the end of the strike (24 November 1923) more than 500 prisoners were released from prisons across Ireland.
On the night of 14 February 1921, an escape from Kilmainham Gaol was masterminded by Michael Collins and his command. [2] Frank Teeling, Ernie O'Malley, and Simon Donnelly escaped from the prison on the pretext of a transfer order, and after some guards were bribed.
Memorial to the Republican insurgents executed by Free State forces at Ballyseedy, County Kerry, designed by Yann Goulet Plaque in Kilmainham Jail for the four Anti-Treaty IRA executed on 17 November 1922. The executions during the Irish Civil War took place during the guerrilla phase of the Irish Civil War (June 1922 – May 1923).
On 13 October, O'Malley and many others in Mountjoy Prison went on hunger strike for forty-one days, [224] in protest at the continued detention of IRA prisoners (see 1923 Irish Hunger Strikes). [225] After seven days O'Malley and the other senior officers [f] or elected members were moved to Kilmainham Gaol.
The government of the Irish Free State banned the organisation in January 1923 and opened up Kilmainham Jail as a detention prison for suspect women. In February 1923, 23 women members of Cumann na mBan went on hunger strike for 34 days over the arrest and imprisonment without trial of Irish republican prisoners (see 1923 Irish Hunger Strikes).
Teeling was the only Bloody Sunday participant to be captured at the scene. He was court martialled in January 1921, was sentenced to hang, and was held at Kilmainham Gaol. On the night of the 15 February he escaped from Kilmainham Gaol along with Ernie O'Malley and Simon Donnelly. [4]
He was transferred from Arbour Hill to Kilmainham Jail and incarcerated in what was known as the "Murderers' Gallery", two cells away from Ernie O'Malley, with whom he became good friends. [8] On 14 February 1921, Moran, O'Malley and Frank Teeling broke through the padlock of an outer gate of the prison. However, Moran refused to take the ...