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  2. List of life zones by region - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_life_zones_by_region

    Tree line and Krummholz zone or ecotone (stunted subalpine bushes), Sub-alpine meadow and Alpine climate. Alpine zone, 2,000 - 3,000 m (Eastern Alps), Montane grasslands and shrublands. Mountain Pine or Mugo Pine (Pinus mugo) limit. Alpine meadows just used in the warm season.

  3. Altitudinal zonation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altitudinal_zonation

    Alpine level: [7] [20] The zone that stretches between the tree line and snowline. This zone is further broken down into Sub-Nival and Treeless Alpine (in the tropics-Tierra fria; low-alpine) Sub-nival: [20] The highest zone that vegetation typically exists. This area is shaped by the frequent frosts that restrict extensive plant colonization.

  4. Life zone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_zone

    The life zone concept was developed by C. Hart Merriam in 1889 as a means of describing areas with similar plant and animal communities. Merriam observed that the changes in these communities with an increase in latitude at a constant elevation are similar to the changes seen with an increase in elevation at a constant latitude.

  5. Montane ecosystems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montane_ecosystems

    The biotemperature of the subalpine zone is between 3 and 6 °C (37 and 43 °F). [5] Above the tree line the ecosystem is called the alpine zone or alpine tundra, dominated by grasses and low-growing shrubs. The biotemperature of the alpine zone is between 1.5 and 3 °C (34.7 and 37.4 °F).

  6. Holdridge life zones - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holdridge_life_zones

    The Holdridge life zones system is a global bioclimatic scheme for the classification of land areas. It was first published by Leslie Holdridge in 1947, and updated in 1967. It is a relatively simple system based on few empirical data, giving objective criteria. [ 1 ]

  7. Ecology of the Sierra Nevada - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecology_of_the_Sierra_Nevada

    The alpine zone begins near 10,500 feet (3,200 m) elevation (in the southern Sierra) and near 9,000 feet (2,700 m) (in the north). [9] This zone is easily distinguished as it is above the tree line. No trees grow in this zone due to the harsh climatic conditions. Short, cool summers with long, cold, and snowy winters are typical at these ...

  8. Life zones of central Europe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_zones_of_central_Europe

    Snow zone, above 3,000 m (East Alps), alpine desert, scree, permafrost and above snow line. Roughly one quarter of the land lying between the summits of the Alps is available for cultivation. Of this low country, about one half may be vineyards and grain fields, while the remainder produces forage and grass .

  9. Alpine tundra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_tundra

    Alpine tundra is a type of natural region or biome that does not contain trees because it is at high elevation, with an associated harsh climate. As the latitude of a location approaches the poles, the threshold elevation for alpine tundra gets lower until it reaches sea level, and alpine tundra merges with polar tundra. The high elevation ...