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Already in 1913, Kelsen had identified the need for a legal theoretic framework to support the idea of the Rechtsstaat. [5]Adolf Julius Merkl [de; pt] was a student of Kelsen's who made important contributions starting in 1918 in the area of hierarchy of norms that would help underpin some of Kelsen's ideas on norms and how they fit into his pure theory of law.
'Basic norm ' (German: Grundnorm) is a concept in the Pure Theory of Law created by Hans Kelsen, a jurist and legal philosopher. Kelsen used this word to denote the basic norm, order, or rule that forms an underlying basis for a legal system.
Hans Kelsen (/ ˈ k ɛ l s ən /; German: [ˈhans ˈkɛlsən]; October 11, 1881 – April 19, 1973) was an Austrian jurist, legal philosopher and political philosopher.He was the principal architect of the 1920 Austrian Constitution, which with amendments is still in operation.
In Kelsen's view, the validity of a legal norm derives from a higher norm, creating a hierarchy that ultimately rests on a "basic norm": this basic norm, not the sovereign, is the ultimate source of legal authority. In addition to Kelsen, other prominent legal positivists of the 20th century include H. L. A. Hart and Joseph Raz.
Hugo Krabbe (3 February 1857 – 4 February 1936) was a Dutch legal philosopher and writer on public law.Known for his contributions to the theory of sovereignty and the state, he is regarded as a precursor of Hans Kelsen.
Political Question Doctrine, Kelsen theory, legality of government and Constitution, legal order Uganda v. Commissioner of Prisons, Ex Parte Michael Matovu, [ 1 ] [1966] 1 EA 514, is a decision of the High Court of Uganda in which Hans Kelsen 's "General Theory on Law and State" [ 2 ] and the Political Question Doctrine were considered in ...
The constitution, modelled after constitutions of established democracies, was conceived in the light of Hans Kelsen's contribution to constitutional law. The system of government the constitution introduced made Czechoslovakia the most westernized of all of the central and eastern European nations on the verge of World War II .
His legal theory work focuses on Kelsen and positivism: he opposed great jurists of his time such as Hauriou or Duguit. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] His doctrine has greatly influenced the constitutional development of the French Fifth Republic .