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Depth of discharge (DoD) is an important parameter appearing in the context of rechargeable battery operation. Two non-identical definitions can be found in commercial and scientific sources. The depth of discharge is defined as: the maximum fraction of a battery's capacity (given in Ah) which is removed from the charged battery on a regular basis.
In 2024, CATL unveiled the Freevoy hybrid chemistry battery pack for use in hybrid vehicles with a mix of sodium ion and lithium ion cells. This battery pack features an expected range of over 400 kilometres (250 mi), 4C fast charging capability, the ability to be discharged at −40 °C (−40 °F), and no difference to the driving experience ...
Cell chemistry Also known as Electrode Rechargeable Commercialized Voltage Energy density Specific power Cost † Discharge efficiency Self-discharge rate Shelf life Anode Electrolyte Cathode Cutoff Nominal 100% SOC by mass by volume; year V V V MJ/kg (Wh/kg) MJ/L (Wh/L) W/kg Wh/$ ($/kWh) % %/month years Lead–acid: SLA VRLA PbAc ...
It is usually expressed as percentage (0% = empty; 100% = full). An alternative form of the same measure is the depth of discharge , calculated as 1 − SoC (100% = empty; 0% = full). It refers to the amount of charge that may be used up if the cell is fully discharged. [2]
This is of course impossible, because the battery will still self-discharge internally with or without zero discharge through a load. The self discharge rate depends on the chemistry and ambient temperature. If the capacity is listed for two discharge rates, the Peukert exponent can be determined algebraically:
In hydrology, discharge is the volumetric flow rate (volume per time, in units of m 3 /h or ft 3 /h) of a stream. It equals the product of average flow velocity (with dimension of length per time, in m/h or ft/h) and the cross-sectional area (in m 2 or ft 2 ). [ 1 ]
The open-circuit voltage is 1.55 V, the average voltage during discharge is 1.25 V. [9] While the energy density is only around one third as that of a lithium battery , the distinctive virtue of the nickel–hydrogen battery is its long life: the cells handle more than 20,000 charge cycles [ 4 ] with 85% energy efficiency and 100% faradaic ...
Energy densities range between 60 and 85 W·h/kg. [1] ... (with reduced depth of discharge) and a lifetime of 6,000 cycles/20 years. [17] Electrochemistry