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The Jewish diaspora (Hebrew: גוֹלָה, romanized: gōlā), dispersion (Hebrew: תְּפוּצָה, romanized: təfūṣā) or exile (Hebrew: גָּלוּת gālūṯ; Yiddish: גלות, romanized: goles) [a] is the dispersion of Israelites or Jews out of their ancient ancestral homeland (the Land of Israel) and their subsequent settlement ...
Aliyah is a Hebrew word meaning "ascent", referring to the act of spiritually "ascending" to the Holy Land and a basic tenet of Zionism. The movement of Jews to Palestine was opposed by the Haredi communities who lived in the Four Holy Cities, since they were very poor and lived off charitable donations from Europe, which they feared would be ...
For the Zionist movement, economic development and policies were a mechanism by which political aims could be achieved. [179] A new economic sector exclusively for Jews, controlled by the Labor Zionist movement, was established with support from the Jewish National Fund and the agricultural workers' Histadrut.
Before the establishment of the state of Israel, Religious Zionists were mainly observant Jews who supported Zionist efforts to build a Jewish state in the Land of Israel. [citation needed] Religious Zionism maintained that Jewish nationality and the establishment of the State of Israel is a religious duty derived from the Torah.
"Zionism, the national liberation movement of the Jewish people, brought about the establishment of the State of Israel, and views a Jewish, Zionist, democratic and secure State of Israel to be the expression of the common responsibility of the Jewish people for its continuity and future. The foundations of Zionism are:
[2] [3] Despite its historical value as a national aspiration for the Jewish people, aliyah was acted upon by few prior to the rise of a national awakening among Jews worldwide and the subsequent development of the Zionist movement in the late 19th century; [4] the large-scale immigration of Jews to Palestine had consequently begun by 1882. [5]
Nathan Birnbaum in the 1910s, the main thinker and activist behind Diaspora Nationalism.. Golus nationalism (Yiddish: גלות נאַציאָנאַליזם Golus natsionalizm after golus, Hebrew: לאומיות גולוס, romanized: Gālūṯ leumiyút), or diaspora nationalism, is a national movement of the Jewish people that argues for furthering Jewish national and cultural life in centers ...
Jewish religious movements, sometimes called "denominations", include diverse groups within Judaism which have developed among Jews from ancient times. Samaritans are also considered ethnic Jews by the Chief Rabbinate of Israel, although they are frequently classified by experts as a sister Hebrew people, who practice a separate branch of Israelite religion.