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Romani people have been recorded in the United Kingdom since at least the early 16th century. There are estimated to be around 225,000 Romani people residing in the UK. This includes the Romanichal, Kale (Welsh Romani), Scottish Lowland Romani and a sizeable population of Roma from Central and Eastern Europe, who immigrated into the UK in the late 1990s/early 2000s and after EU expansion in 2004.
In the phrase GRT, the Gypsy grouping encompasses Romani people from groups that have resided in Britain since the 16th century, such as the English Gypsies (Romanichal) and Welsh Gypsies (Kale). The British government and British GRT rights groups understand the term Roma as encompassing more recent Romani migrants from Central and Eastern Europe.
A British Romanichal family living in a vardo (1926) Originally, Romanichal would travel on foot or with light, horse-drawn carts, and would build bender tents where they settled for a time, as is typical of other Romani groups. A bender is a type of tent constructed from a frame of bent hazel branches (hazel is chosen for its straightness and ...
Scottish Romani are the Romani people of Scotland. This includes Romanichal (locally also known as Border Gypsies) and Lowland Romani (Lowland Gypsies). [1]Scottish Travellers are non-Romani groups indigenous to Scotland who live or traditionally lived a nomadic lifestyle, including Scottish Highland Travellers, Scottish Lowland Travellers and Showmen (Funfair Travellers).
British showmen, commonly referred to as Funfair Travellers; New Age Travellers; The Romanichal, a Romani subgroup also known as English Gypsies, are not formally regarded as Travellers. Although they traditionally lived an itinerant lifestyle, the term English Travellers formally refers to itinerant groups of indigenous origin.
Pikey (/ ˈ p aɪ k iː /; also spelled pikie, pykie) [1] [2] is an ethnic slur referring to Gypsy, Roma and Traveller people.It is used mainly in the United Kingdom and in Ireland to refer to people who belong to groups which had a traditional travelling lifestyle.
In the English language, Romani people have long been known by the exonym Gypsies or Gipsies, [88] which many Roma consider to be an ethnic slur. [ 89 ] [ 90 ] [ 91 ] The attendees of the first World Romani Congress in 1971 unanimously voted to reject the use of all exonyms for the Roma, including "Gypsy". [ 92 ]
They are considered part of the Gypsy (Romani), Roma and Traveller (GRT) community. [8] Romanichal are present in South Wales (in and around Cardiff, Swansea and Newport) and North East Wales (in and around Wrexham as well as in parts of Wales close to Liverpool and Chester). The Romani people can trace their origins to Northern India. [9]