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Flag of the Lombard League. Coat of arms of the Lombard League Member cities of the first and second Lombard League.. The Lombard League (Latin: Societas Lombardiae; Italian: Lega Lombarda) was an alliance of cities formed in 1167, [1] and supported by the popes, to counter the attempts by the Hohenstaufen Holy Roman emperors to establish direct royal administrative control over the cities of ...
The defeat at Parma was a seemingly decisive defeat for Frederick, who had to abandon his efforts to conquer northern Italy in for the immediate future. The Second Lombard League recovered some territories, the whole Emilia and Romagna embraced the Guelph cause, while the Marquisate of Montferrat and the Republic of Genoa remained hostile to ...
The Lombard League asked Frederick Barbarossa the complete autonomy of the cities, the possibility of the latter to freely erect walls and fortifications, the exemption from all types of taxes and the absence of any kind of interference by the emperor in local matters; [164] requests to which Frederick Barbarossa, in the first instance, firmly ...
Because of the G7 boycott and various reasons, only ten teams attended the tournament. Making it the smallest open tournament and the first worldwide tournament without any Scandinavian teams in both the tournament and the top three.
The competition has been won fourteen times by teams from Spain, more than any other country. [1] The last champions before the UEFA Cup was renamed to UEFA Europa League were Shakhtar Donetsk, who beat Werder Bremen 2–1 after extra time in the 2009 final. [5] Benfica and Marseille have lost the most finals, with three losses in the competition.
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The 1971/72 edition of the Niemeyer junior tournament, held every year since 1962/63 in Groningen, is formally adopted by FIDE as the 1st European Junior Chess Championship. The winner is the young Hungarian Gyula Sax, who follows in the footsteps of compatriots Andras Adorjan and Zoltán Ribli, the winners of the previous two Niemeyer tournaments.
The Confederation of Cologne was a military alliance against Denmark signed 1367 by cities of the Hanseatic League on their meeting called Hansetag in Cologne. 1376. Swabian League of Cities; 1381. A Second Rhenish League and a first Swabian League were formed in 1381, merging into the South German League (Süddeutscher Städtebund) still in ...