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Nasal administration, popularly known as snorting, is a route of administration in which drugs are insufflated through the nose. It can be a form of either topical administration or systemic administration , as the drugs thus locally delivered can go on to have either purely local or systemic effects.
Nasal sprays are used to deliver medications locally in the nasal cavities or systemically. They are used locally for conditions such as nasal congestion and allergic rhinitis. In some situations, the nasal delivery route is preferred for systemic therapy because it provides an agreeable alternative to injection or pills. Substances can be ...
Midazolam, sold under the brand name Versed among others, is a benzodiazepine medication used for anesthesia, premedication before surgical anesthesia, and procedural sedation, and to treat severe agitation. [12]
When administering the sprays, the head should be tilted back slightly and 30 seconds should elapse between each spray. [2] A bottle of nafarelin nasal spray (brand name Synarel) lasts for about 7 days at a dosage of 1,600 μg/day. [2] Nafarelin is used to treat endometriosis at lower dosages of 400 to 800 μg per day. [2]
Nasal insufflation is the most common method of nasal administration. Other methods are nasal inhalation and nasal instillation. Drugs administered in this way can have a local effect or a systemic effect. The time of onset for systemic drugs delivered via nasal administration is generally only marginally slower than if given intravenously.
Buserelin, sold under the brand name Suprefact among others, is a medication which is used primarily in the treatment of prostate cancer and endometriosis. [3] [1] [2] It is also used for other indications such as the treatment of premenopausal breast cancer, uterine fibroids, and early puberty, in assisted reproduction for female infertility, and as a part of transgender hormone therapy.
Rhinitis medicamentosa (or RM, also known as rebound congestion) is a condition of rebound nasal congestion suspected to be brought on by extended use of topical decongestants (e.g., oxymetazoline, phenylephrine, xylometazoline, and naphazoline nasal sprays) and certain oral medications (e.g., sympathomimetic amines and various 2-imidazolines) that constrict blood vessels in the lining of the ...
Gonadorelin is available in a portable infusion pump that provides pulsatile subcutaneous administration of the drug. [7] [8] The usual dosage delivered is 5 to 20 μg of gonadorelin per pulse every 90 to 120 minutes. [7] [8] It is also available in solution form for intravenous or subcutaneous injection and as a nasal spray. [7]