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A hash function that allows only certain table sizes or strings only up to a certain length, or cannot accept a seed (i.e. allow double hashing) is less useful than one that does. [citation needed] A hash function is applicable in a variety of situations. Particularly within cryptography, notable applications include: [8]
There are many practical examples of data whose valid values are restricted within a small range. A trivial hash function is a suitable choice when such data needs to act as a lookup key. Some examples include: month in the year (1–12) day in the month (1–31) day of the week (1–7)
Function Hash(message, digestSize) Inputs: message: Bytes (0..2 32-1) Message to be hashed digestSize: Integer (1..2 32) Desired number of bytes to be returned Output: digest: Bytes (digestSize) The resulting generated bytes, digestSize bytes long Hash is a variable-length hash function, built using Blake2b, capable of generating digests up to ...
Fowler–Noll–Vo hash function (FNV Hash) 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, or 1024 bits xor/product or product/XOR Jenkins hash function: 32 or 64 bits XOR/addition Bernstein's hash djb2 [2] 32 or 64 bits shift/add or mult/add or shift/add/xor or mult/xor PJW hash / Elf Hash: 32 or 64 bits add,shift,xor MurmurHash: 32, 64, or 128 bits product/rotation ...
MurmurHash is a non-cryptographic hash function suitable for general hash-based lookup. [1] [2] [3] It was created by Austin Appleby in 2008 [4] and, as of 8 January 2016, [5] is hosted on GitHub along with its test suite named SMHasher. It also exists in a number of variants, [6] all of which have been released into the public domain. The name ...
Here the index can be computed as some range of bits of the hash function. On the other hand, some hashing algorithms prefer to have the size be a prime number. [19] For open addressing schemes, the hash function should also avoid clustering, the mapping of two or more keys to consecutive slots. Such clustering may cause the lookup cost to ...
Using two hash functions offers substantial benefits over a single hash function. There is little improvement (and no change to the expected order statistics) if more than two hash functions are used: "Additional hash functions only decrease the maximum by a constant factor." [2] Some people recommend a type of 2-choice hashing called two-way ...
A rolling hash (also known as recursive hashing or rolling checksum) is a hash function where the input is hashed in a window that moves through the input.. A few hash functions allow a rolling hash to be computed very quickly—the new hash value is rapidly calculated given only the old hash value, the old value removed from the window, and the new value added to the window—similar to the ...