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Princeps (plural: principes) is a Latin word meaning "first in time or order; the first, foremost, [1] chief, the most eminent, distinguished, or noble; the first person". [2] As a title, princeps originated in the Roman Republic wherein the leading member of the Senate was designated princeps senatus . [ 3 ]
In classical scholarship, the editio princeps (plural: editiones principes) of a work is the first printed edition of the work, that previously had existed only in inscriptions or manuscripts, which could be circulated only after being copied by hand. The following is a list of Latin literature works.
Primus inter pares is a Latin phrase meaning first among equals. [ a ] It is typically used as an honorary title for someone who is formally equal to other members of their group but is accorded unofficial respect, traditionally owing to their seniority in office.
The position of princeps senatus was not defined by law (), but by tradition (), which makes it more difficult to follow its evolution.For a long time, modern historians were influenced by the works of Theodor Mommsen, who thought that the principes senatus could only be patricians of the gentes maiores – the most illustrious patrician families (Cornelia, Valeria, Fabia, Aemilia, Manlia, and ...
In some cases there were possibilities of partial publication, of publication first in translation (for example from Greek to Latin), and of a usage that simply equates with first edition. For a work with several strands of manuscript tradition that have diverged, such as Piers Plowman, editio princeps is a less meaningful concept.
The Latin word prīnceps (older Latin *prīsmo-kaps, lit. ' the one who takes the first [place/position] '), became the usual title of the informal leader of the Roman senate some centuries before the transition to empire, the princeps senatus. Emperor Augustus established the formal position of monarch on the basis of principate, not dominion ...
'Principate' is etymologically derived from the Latin word princeps, meaning chief or first, and therefore represents the political regime dominated by such a political leader, whether or not he is formally head of state or head of government.
The word princeps, meaning "first", was a republican term used to denote the leading member of the Senate, and it was used by the early emperors to emphasize the continuance of the Republic. [109] The title had already been used by Pompey and Julius Caesar , among others.