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In vertebrates, the circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the body. [1] [2] It includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, that consists of the heart and blood vessels (from Greek kardia meaning heart, and Latin vascula meaning vessels).
[3] [6] This blood then enters the left atrium, which pumps it through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. [3] [6] From the left ventricle, the blood passes through the aortic valve to the aorta. [3] [6] The blood is then distributed to the body through the systemic circulation before returning again to the pulmonary circulation. [3] [6]
An open circulatory system is made up of a heart, vessels, and hemolymph. This diagram shows how the hemolymph is circulated throughout the body of a grasshopper. The hemolymph is first pumped through the heart, into the aorta, dispersed into the head and throughout the hemocoel, then back through the ostia that are located in the heart, where ...
<4x10 9 /L (<4000/mm 3), >12x10 9 /L (>12,000/mm 3), or ≥10% bands Distributive shock is low blood pressure due to a dilation of blood vessels within the body. [ 6 ] [ 17 ] This can be caused by systemic infection ( septic shock ), a severe allergic reaction ( anaphylaxis ), or spinal cord injury ( neurogenic shock ).
The aorta (/ eɪ ˈ ɔːr t ə / ay-OR-tə; pl.: aortas or aortae) is the main and largest artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart, branching upwards immediately after, and extending down to the abdomen, where it splits at the aortic bifurcation into two smaller arteries (the common iliac arteries).
It forms by the fifth week of development, replacing the yolk sac as the source of nutrients for the embryo. [2] The cord is not directly connected to the mother's circulatory system, but instead joins the placenta , which transfers materials to and from the maternal blood without allowing direct mixing.
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