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Smart materials, also called intelligent or responsive materials, [1] [page needed] are designed materials that have one or more properties that can be significantly changed in a controlled fashion by external stimuli, such as stress, moisture, electric or magnetic fields, light, temperature, pH, or chemical compounds.
Although many sources talk about synthetic pH sensitive polymers, natural polymers can also display pH-responsive behavior. Examples include chitosan, hyaluronic acid, alginic acid and dextran. [1] Chitosan, a frequently used example, is cationic. Since DNA is negatively charged, DNA could be attached to chitosan as a way to deliver genes to ...
Smart polymers, stimuli-responsive polymers or functional polymers are high-performance polymers that change according to the environment they are in. . Such materials can be sensitive to a number of factors, such as temperature, humidity, pH, chemical compounds, the wavelength or intensity of light or an electrical or magnetic field and can respond in various ways, such as altering color or ...
Due to the shape changing capability, SMPs enable the production of functional and responsive photonic gratings. [30] By using modern soft lithography techniques such as replica molding, it is possible to imprint periodic nanostructures, with sizes of the order of magnitude of visible light, onto the surface of shape memory polymeric blocks.
Temperature-responsive polymers or thermoresponsive polymers are polymers that exhibit drastic and discontinuous changes in their physical properties with temperature. [1] The term is commonly used when the property concerned is solubility in a given solvent , but it may also be used when other properties are affected.
Examples of ionic EAPs are conductive polymers, ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs), and responsive gels. Yet another example is a Bucky gel actuator, which is a polymer-supported layer of polyelectrolyte material consisting of an ionic liquid sandwiched between two electrode layers, which is then a gel of ionic liquid containing single-wall ...
Inorganic nanoporous materials are porous materials that include the use of oxide-type, carbon, binary, and pure metal materials. Examples include zeolites, nanoporous alumina, and titania nanotubes. [3] Zeolites are crystalline hydrated tectoaluminosilicates. This material is a combination of alkali/alkali earth metals, alumina, and silica ...
Thermoresponsive polymers can be used as stationary phase in liquid chromatography. [1] Here, the polarity of the stationary phase can be varied by temperature changes, altering the power of separation without changing the column or solvent composition.