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The Septinsular Republic (Greek: Ἑπτάνησος Πολιτεία, romanized: Heptanēsos Politeia; Italian: Repubblica Settinsulare), also known as the Republic of the Seven United Islands, [a] was an oligarchic republic that existed from 1800 to 1807 under nominal Russian and Ottoman sovereignty in the Ionian Islands (Corfu, Paxoi, Lefkada, Cephalonia, Ithaca, Zakynthos or Zante, and ...
The successor state of the Septinsular Republic, it covered the territory of the Ionian Islands, as well as the port of Parga on the Greek mainland. It was ceded by the British to Greece as a gift to the newly enthroned King George I, [7] apart from Parga, which had been sold to Ali Pasha of Ioannina in 1819. [8]
Apart from the Souliotes, the Septinsular Republic also became a haven for Greek klephts and armatoloi fleeing Ottoman rule in the rest of Greece. When French–Ottoman relations began to warm in, the Russian General Roman von Anrep began raising Greek expatriate military formations for the defense of the Ionian Islands. The sole request of the ...
The Treaty of Constantinople was concluded creating the "Republic of the Seven United Islands" in 1800. Although its status as a semi-independent republic under Ottoman sovereignty was unpopular to the people, [18] [19] it was nevertheless seen as the first free Greek state to be established since the fall of the Constantinople in the 15th century.
The Second period of French rule in the Ionian Islands (Greek: Δεύτερη Γαλλοκρατία των Επτανήσων) began in August 1807, when the Septinsular Republic, a Russian protectorate comprising the seven Ionian Islands, was occupied by the First French Empire in accordance with the Treaty of Tilsit. The French annexed the ...
The flag of the Septinsular Republic (1800–1807), the first self-governed Greek state since the Middle Ages Ioannis Kapodistrias from the Island of Corfu, founder and first Governor (1828–1831) of the modern Greek state. In 1797 the French general Napoléon Bonaparte conquered Venice.
Meeting room of the Ionian Senate, in the Palace of St. Michael and St. George, Corfu. The Ionian Senate (Greek: Ιόνιος Γερουσία) was the executive and later legislative body of the Septinsular Republic (1800–1807/1814) and the upper legislative house of its successor, the United States of the Ionian Islands (1815–1864).
In addition, Italian was the co-official language of both the Septinsular Republic and the United States of the Ionian Islands. [120] Because of its status, Italian was also taught in schools alongside Greek and English (the Ionian Islands were a protectorate of the United Kingdom from 1815 until 1864). [121]
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