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Usually hernia has content of bowel, abdominal fat or omentum, tissue that normally would reside inside the abdominal cavity if it was not for the hernia. In some cases, the content gets trapped in the hernia sac, outside the abdominal wall. The blood flow to this trapped tissue may be compromised, or the content even strangulated in some cases.
By far the most common hernias (up to 75% of all abdominal hernias) are inguinal hernias, which are further divided into the more common indirect inguinal hernia (2/3, depicted here), in which the inguinal canal is entered via a congenital weakness at its entrance (the internal inguinal ring), and the direct inguinal hernia type (1/3), where ...
Heartburn – Heartburn (Regurgitation) is a burning pain in the chest, behind the breastbone that occurs when stomach acid travel up the esophagus and causes irritation. This sometimes happens in pregnancy due to relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), which normally keeps acidic stomach contents in the stomach. Additionally ...
Cullen's sign, also known as umbilical black eye, is superficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the umbilicus.. It is named for gynecologist Thomas Stephen Cullen (1869–1953), [1] who first described the sign in ruptured ectopic pregnancy in 1916.
An epigastric hernia is a type of hernia that causes fat to push through a weakened area in the walls of the abdomen. It may develop in the epigastrium (upper, central part of the abdomen ). Epigastric hernias are more common in adults and usually appear above the umbilical region of the abdomen.
Acute pancreatitis, ectopic pregnancy Grey Turner's sign refers to bruising of the flanks , the part of the body between the last rib and the top of the hip. The bruising appears as a blue discoloration, [ 1 ] and is a sign of retroperitoneal hemorrhage , or bleeding behind the peritoneum, which is a lining of the abdominal cavity.
Bochdalek hernia is one of two forms of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia, the other form being Morgagni hernia.A Bochdalek hernia is a congenital abnormality in which an opening exists in the infant's diaphragm, allowing normally intra-abdominal organs (particularly the stomach and intestines) to enter into the thoracic cavity.
Exomphalos is caused by a failure of the ventral body wall to form and close the naturally occurring umbilical hernia that occurs during embryonic folding which is a process of embryogenesis. [14] The normal process of embryogenesis is that at 2 weeks gestation the human embryo is a flat disc that consists of three layers, the outer ectoderm ...
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