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In crystallography, interstitial sites, holes or voids are the empty space that exists between the packing of atoms (spheres) in the crystal structure. [ citation needed ] The holes are easy to see if you try to pack circles together; no matter how close you get them or how you arrange them, you will have empty space in between.
In BCC metals, interstitial sites of an unstrained lattice are equally favorable. The interstitial solutes create elastic dipoles. [ 14 ] However, once a strain is applied on the lattice, such as that formed by a dislocation, 1/3 of the sites become more favorable than the other 2/3.
[1] [2] The fluid in this space is called interstitial fluid, comprises water and solutes, and drains into the lymph system. [2] The interstitial compartment is composed of connective and supporting tissues within the body – called the extracellular matrix – that are situated outside the blood and lymphatic vessels and the parenchyma of organs.
Interstitial atoms (blue) occupy some of the spaces within a lattice of larger atoms (red) In materials science, an interstitial defect is a type of point crystallographic defect where an atom of the same or of a different type, occupies an interstitial site in the crystal structure.
The Wyckoff positions are named after Ralph Wyckoff, an American X-ray crystallographer who authored several books in the field.His 1922 book, The Analytical Expression of the Results of the Theory of Space Groups, [3] contained tables with the positional coordinates, both general and special, permitted by the symmetry elements.
A nearby pair of a vacancy and an interstitial is often called a Frenkel defect or Frenkel pair. This is caused when an ion moves into an interstitial site and creates a vacancy. Due to fundamental limitations of material purification methods, materials are never 100% pure, which by definition induces defects in crystal structure.
BCC is body centered cubic and FCC is face-centered cubic. Iron-carbon eutectic phase diagram, showing various forms of Fe x C y substances. Iron allotropes, showing the differences in structure. The alpha iron (α-Fe) is a body-centered cubic (BCC) and the gamma iron (γ-Fe) is a face-centered cubic (FCC).
Interstitial solid solutions form when the solute atom is small enough (radii up to 57% the radii of the parent atoms) [2] to fit at interstitial sites between the solvent atoms. The atoms crowd into the interstitial sites, causing the bonds of the solvent atoms to compress and thus deform (this rationale can be explained with Pauling's rules ).