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If two or more factors of a polynomial are identical, then the polynomial is a multiple of the square of this factor. The multiple factor is also a factor of the polynomial's derivative (with respect to any of the variables, if several). For univariate polynomials, multiple factors are equivalent to multiple roots (over a suitable extension field).
The discriminant Δ of the cubic is the square of = () (), where a is the leading coefficient of the cubic, and r 1, r 2 and r 3 are the three roots of the cubic. As Δ {\displaystyle {\sqrt {\Delta }}} changes of sign if two roots are exchanged, Δ {\displaystyle {\sqrt {\Delta }}} is fixed by the Galois group only if the Galois group is A 3 .
The derivative of a cubic function is a quadratic function. A cubic function with real coefficients has either one or three real roots (which may not be distinct); [1] all odd-degree polynomials with real coefficients have at least one real root. The graph of a cubic function always has a single inflection point.
The discriminant is widely used in polynomial factoring, number theory, and algebraic geometry. ... In the case of a cubic with real coefficients, the discriminant is ...
The resolvent cubic of an irreducible quartic polynomial P(x) can be used to determine its Galois group G; that is, the Galois group of the splitting field of P(x). Let m be the degree over k of the splitting field of the resolvent cubic (it can be either R 4 ( y ) or R 5 ( y ) ; they have the same splitting field).
p is an integer factor of the constant term a 0, and; q is an integer factor of the leading coefficient a n. The rational root theorem is a special case (for a single linear factor) of Gauss's lemma on the factorization of polynomials.
The polynomial x 2 + cx + d, where a + b = c and ab = d, can be factorized into (x + a)(x + b).. In mathematics, factorization (or factorisation, see English spelling differences) or factoring consists of writing a number or another mathematical object as a product of several factors, usually smaller or simpler objects of the same kind.
The polynomial () (+) is a cubic polynomial: after multiplying out and collecting terms of the same degree, it becomes + +, with highest exponent 3.. The polynomial (+ +) + (+ + +) is a quintic polynomial: upon combining like terms, the two terms of degree 8 cancel, leaving + + + +, with highest exponent 5.