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Criticism of the 1918 reform (in Russian) CyrAcademisator Bi-directional online transliteration for ALA-LC (diacritics), scientific, ISO/R 9, ISO 9, GOST 7.79B and others. Supports pre-reform characters; The Writing on the Wall: The Russian Orthographic Reform of 1918; Славеница (Slavenitsa): online converter from post-1918 to pre-1918 ...
Russian spelling, which is mostly phonemic in practice, is a mix of morphological and phonetic principles, with a few etymological or historic forms, and occasional grammatical differentiation. The punctuation, originally based on Byzantine Greek, was in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries reformulated on the models of French and German ...
His Russian Orthography (1878, 1885) ("Русское правописание", Russkoye pravopisaniye) became the standard textbook of Russian spelling and punctuation until superseded by the decrees of 1917–1918, although his definition of the theoretical foundations remains little changed to this day.
Reforms of Russian orthography; S. Substitutions of the Esperanto alphabet; T. Traditional Spelling Revised This page was last edited on 13 October 2023, at 21 ...
Reforms of Russian orthography; Rules of Russian Orthography and Punctuation This page was last edited on 3 April 2022, at 13:10 (UTC). Text is ...
Reasons: Many borrowed names were originally written using exact transliterations, but they were simplified through the everyday use by adopting conventions of Slavic languages, and by numerous Reforms of Russian orthography. These alterations are commonly accepted today; however, they are mostly about writing but the spelling stays very close ...
The reform subsequently influenced Cyrillic orthographies for most other languages. Today, the early orthography and typesetting standards remain in use only in Slavonic. A comprehensive repertoire of early Cyrillic characters has been included in the Unicode standard since version 5.1, published April 4, 2008.
The spelling was used in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, apart from the replacement of ß with ss in Switzerland in later years. The Erziehungsrat des Kantons Zürich stopped the teaching of ß in schools in 1935 with the Canton of Zürich being the first to do so, and the Neue Zürcher Zeitung as the last Swiss newspaper stopped using ß in ...